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气象:2025,51(11):1367-1382
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我国天气雷达网和风云三号降水卫星的发展与数据融合应用初探
张鹏,陈玉宝,商建,吴蕾,陈林,步志超,李璐,李俊
(临近空间环境特性及效应全国重点实验室,北京 100081; 中国气象局气象探测中心,北京 100081; 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心),北京 100081; 许健民气象卫星创新中心,北京 100081; 中国气象局遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室,北京 100081)
Preliminary Study on the Development and Data Fusion Application of China’s Weather Radar Network and FY-3G Precipitation Satellite
ZHANG Peng,CHEN Yubao,SHANG Jian,WU Lei,CHEN Lin,BU Zhichao,LI Lu,LI Jun
(State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081; CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081; National Satellite Meteorological Centre/National Centre for Space Weather, Beijing 100081; Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite, Beijing 100081; Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, CMA, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2025-05-01    修订日期:2025-07-25
中文摘要: 我国已经建成了全球规模最大的地基多波段天气雷达网,同时成功发射了国内首颗、全球第三颗主动降水测量卫星,总体技术水平世界先进。天气雷达和降水卫星是天地一体化降水观测网的重要组成部分,是精准捕捉降水动态、全面解析降水特征的关键技术支撑。地基天气雷达具有高时空分辨率,但其覆盖范围受地理位置限制,难以实现全球范围连续观测。星载降水雷达可提供全球中低纬度地区的三维降水结构信息,尤其适用于海洋、高原等地面设备难以覆盖的区域。天地一体化融合应用实现了大范围降水态势的连续预警和局部降水特征的精细化探测的有机结合,为气象预报、灾害预警、水资源管理等领域提供了更为精准、全面的数据支持与决策依据。文章详细介绍了我国地基多波段天气雷达网和风云三号降水卫星的技术特点、运行质量和数据产品,并从星地降水雷达交叉检验、数据融合、基于静止卫星的地基雷达信号模拟、主被动微波与高频次红外遥感资料融合等方面,提出了我国天地降水雷达协同观测和雷达反射率因子等基础数据融合应用的初步思考和展望。
Abstract:China has established the world’s largest ground-based multi-band weather radar network and successfully launched its first active radar precipitation measurement satellite, the third of its kind globally, achieving world-class overall technical capabilities. Weather radars and precipitation satellites are crucial components of the integrated space-ground precipitation observation network, and are key technical support for accurately capturing precipitation dynamics and comprehensively analyzing precipitation characteristics. While weather radars offer high spatiotemporal resolution, their coverage is geographically constrained, limiting continuous global observation. Spaceborne precipitation radars can provide three-dimensional precipitation structure information over global mid-to-low latitudes, particularly over the regions difficult to be covered by ground-based equipment, such as in oceans and plateaus. The fusion application of space-ground integrated systems achieves an organic combination of continuous large-scale precipitation monitoring and refined detection of local precipitation features, which can provide more precise and comprehensive data support and decision-making basis for meteorological forecasting, disaster warning, and water resource management. This paper introduces the technical characteristics, operational quality, and data products of the multi-band weather radar network and the FY-3G precipitation satellite in China in detail. It also presents preliminary thoughts and prospects on collaborative observation and the fusion and application of the fundamental data from China’s weather radar network and FY-3G precipitation satellite in four aspects: (1) the cross validation of satellite-ground radar reflectivity factor, (2) data fusion of satellite-ground radar reflectivity factor, (3) the simulation of ground-based radar signals using geostationary satellite data, and (4) the fusion of active/passive microwave and geostationary satellite infrared data.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金气象联合基金重点项目(U2442214)资助
Author NameAffiliation
ZHANG Peng State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081 CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081 
CHEN Yubao State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081 CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081 
SHANG Jian National Satellite Meteorological Centre/National Centre for Space Weather, Beijing 100081 Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite, Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, CMA, Beijing 100081 
WU Lei State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081 CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081 
CHEN Lin National Satellite Meteorological Centre/National Centre for Space Weather, Beijing 100081 Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite, Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, CMA, Beijing 100081 
BU Zhichao State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081 CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081 
LI Lu State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near-Space, Beijing 100081 CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081 
LI Jun National Satellite Meteorological Centre/National Centre for Space Weather, Beijing 100081 Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite, Beijing 100081 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, CMA, Beijing 100081 
引用文本:
张鹏,陈玉宝,商建,吴蕾,陈林,步志超,李璐,李俊,2025.我国天气雷达网和风云三号降水卫星的发展与数据融合应用初探[J].气象,51(11):1367-1382.
ZHANG Peng,CHEN Yubao,SHANG Jian,WU Lei,CHEN Lin,BU Zhichao,LI Lu,LI Jun,2025.Preliminary Study on the Development and Data Fusion Application of China’s Weather Radar Network and FY-3G Precipitation Satellite[J].Meteor Mon,51(11):1367-1382.