本文已被:浏览 0次 下载 0次
投稿时间:2024-07-13 修订日期:2024-08-16
投稿时间:2024-07-13 修订日期:2024-08-16
中文摘要: 2024年春季(3—5月)我国平均降水量为163 mm,为1961年以来历史同期第六多,4—5月东部地区旱涝灾害并重,华南和江南大部降水较常年同期偏多,尤其是华南大部降水偏多5成以上,多次暴雨过程造成部分地区发生洪涝;而黄淮、江淮北部降水显著偏少,春季后期干旱迅速发展。春季“华南涝、黄淮旱”的形成与东亚大气环流关键系统异常及其季节内阶段性变化密切相关。4月异常偏强、偏南的西北太平洋副热带高压和低层850 hPa偏强的西北太平洋反气旋为华南和江南提供了有利的水汽输送条件,导致南方地区发生多次强降水过程;而黄淮干旱主要受4—5月持续偏强的朝鲜半岛 日本海高压(小笠原高压)和偏南的西北太平洋副热带高压共同影响。此外,春季El Ni〖AKn~D〗o衰减和热带印度洋海温异常偏暖有助于激发异常偏强的西北太平洋反气旋,是我国南方强降水发生的重要海洋外强迫背景。
Abstract:In the springtime (March-May, MAM) of 2024, the average precipitation in China was 163 mm, ranking the sixth most precipitation since 1961. During April-May, eastern region of China experienced both severe droughts and floods. South China and most of Jiangnan Region experienced significantly above-average rainfall, with most parts of South China receiving rainfall more than normal by over 50%. Thus, multiple times of torrential rain events led to flood disasters in some areas. Conversely, northern Jianghuai and Huanghuai regions had notably below-average precipitation, which caused the rapid development of drought in later spring. The phenomenon of “floods in South China and droughts in Huanghuai Region” was mainly influenced by atmospheric circulation anomalies in East Asia and their intraseasonal variation. The abnormally strong and southward western North Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and extremely strong anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) in April provided favorable conditions for moisture transport, leading to frequent occurrence of intense precipitation events in southern China. The drought over Huanghuai Region was primarily dominated by persistent strong high pressure system near the Korean Peninsula-Japan Sea (Bonin high) in April-May, along with a southward shift of the WPSH. Additionally, the attenuation of El Ni〖AKn~D〗o and abnormally warm sea surface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean contributed to the activation of abnormally strong WNPAC, which built the important oceanic external forcing background for heavy rainfall in southern China.
文章编号: 中图分类号: 文献标志码:
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3007700)、国家自然科学基金项目(42075017)、中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2023J002、CXFZ2023J010)、中国气象局重点创新团队(CMA2023ZD03)、国家气候中心创新团队(NCCCXTD003)和国家电网有限公司重点科技项目(5200-202323473A-3-2-ZN)共同资助
作者 | 单位 |
吕卓卓 | 中国气象局气候预测研究重点开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京 100081 |
赵俊虎 | 中国气象局气候预测研究重点开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京 100081 |
贾小龙 | 中国气象局气候预测研究重点开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京 100081 |
柯宗建 | 中国气象局气候预测研究重点开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京 100081 |
引用文本:
吕卓卓,赵俊虎,贾小龙,柯宗建,2024.2024年春季中国东部降水季节内异常特征及成因分析[J].气象,50(10):1268-1280.
LYU Zhuozhuo,ZHAO Junhu,JIA Xiaolong,KE Zongjian,2024.Features and Possible Causes of Intraseasonal Precipitation Anomalies over Eastern China in Spring 2024[J].Meteor Mon,50(10):1268-1280.
吕卓卓,赵俊虎,贾小龙,柯宗建,2024.2024年春季中国东部降水季节内异常特征及成因分析[J].气象,50(10):1268-1280.
LYU Zhuozhuo,ZHAO Junhu,JIA Xiaolong,KE Zongjian,2024.Features and Possible Causes of Intraseasonal Precipitation Anomalies over Eastern China in Spring 2024[J].Meteor Mon,50(10):1268-1280.