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气象:2024,50(10):1281-1288
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2024年7月大气环流和天气分析
孔铃涵,符娇兰
(国家气象中心,北京 100081)
Analysis of the July 2024 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather
KONG Linghan,FU Jiaolan
(National Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2024-08-24    修订日期:2024-09-09
中文摘要: 2024年7月北半球极涡呈绕极分布,较常年同期偏强;西北太平洋副热带高压较常年同期强度偏强,位置偏西、偏北。全国平均降水量为139.9 mm,较常年同期偏多15%,为1961年以来历史同期第三多,有33个国家级气象观测站日降水量达到或突破历史极值;出现7次区域性暴雨天气过程,受台风格美及其残余环流影响,24—28日台湾、福建东北部、广东东部、湖南东部和南部等地局地先后出现特大暴雨。月内有2个台风生成,较常年同期偏少。全国平均气温为23.2℃,较常年同期偏高1.0℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高,浙江大部、江苏南部、江西西北部、湖南中部等地月平均气温较常年同期偏高2~4℃;出现持续性高温过程,南方共有53个国家级气象观测站日最高气温达到或超过历史极值;高温日数较常年同期明显偏多,江南局地高温日数超过25 d。
Abstract:The main characteristics of atmospheric circulation in July 2024 are shown as follows. The polar vortex in the Northern Hemisphere was distributed around the Arctic Pole, which was stronger than normal. The Northwest Pacific subtropical high was stronger than normal, located more westward and northward. The national average precipitation in July was 139.9 mm, 15% more than normal, ranking the third most since 1961. The daily precipitation at 33 national stations reached or surpassed the historical extreme values. There were seven regional rainstorm processes in this month. Influenced by the Super Typhoon Gaemi and the residual circulations, extreme heavy rainstorms occurred in Taiwan, northeastern Fujian, eastern Guangdong, eastern and southern Hunan from 24 to 28 July in order. Two typhoons were generated in total, less than normal in July. The national average temperature (23.2℃) was higher than normal by 1.0℃, being the highest value in July since 1961. The average monthly temperature in most parts of Zhejiang, southern Jiangsu, northwestern Jiangxi and central Hunan was 2-4℃ higher than normal. A continuous high temperature process occurred, during which the daily maximum temperature at 53 national stations in southern China reached or surpassed historical records. High temperature days were obviously more than normal, and the number of high temperature days in the region south of Yangtze River was more than 25 days.
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基金项目:国家气象中心青年基金项目(Q202402)资助
引用文本:
孔铃涵,符娇兰,2024.2024年7月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,50(10):1281-1288.
KONG Linghan,FU Jiaolan,2024.Analysis of the July 2024 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather[J].Meteor Mon,50(10):1281-1288.