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投稿时间：2025-01-15 修订日期：2025-03-16
投稿时间：2025-01-15 修订日期：2025-03-16
中文摘要: 2024年全球表面平均温度较工业化前水平高出1.49℃，较1991—2020年平均值偏高0.61℃，成为全球有气象记录以来最热一年。全球海平面温度和2000 m以上的海洋热含量都达到了历史高点。南极和北极的海冰面积都显著低于平均水平。哈萨克斯坦、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、韩国、法国、俄罗斯、印度尼西亚、南非、中国等地遭遇强降雨并引发洪水、山体滑坡等次生灾害，印度北部、欧洲多地遭遇高温热浪，巴西遭遇有记录以来最严重干旱。热带气旋造成损失严重，美国发生多起龙卷。
中文关键词: 重大天气气候事件，气象灾害，暴雨洪涝，高温热浪
Abstract:In 2024, the global mean surface air temperature was 1.49℃ above the pre-industrial average, and 0.61℃ higher than the average value from 1991 to 2020, making 2024 become the hottest year in global meteorological records. Both the global sea surface temperature and the ocean heat content above 2000 m height reached unprecedented highs in records. Antarctic and Arctic sea ice extents in 2024 were both clearly below the average. Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Republic of Korea, France, Russia, Indonesia, South Africa, China, and other places experienced extremely severe rainfall, floods, landslides and other secondary disasters. Northern India and many parts of Europe suffered high temperatures and heat waves. Brazil was caught by the heaviest drought in records. The losses caused by tropical cyclones were serious, and multiple tornados occurred in the United States.
文章编号： 中图分类号：P461 文献标志码：
基金项目:国家气候中心科研发展基金(CXFZ2025J067)资助
引用文本：
乔琦,李莹,杨国威,陈逸骁,洪海旭,代潭龙,朱晓金,王有民,王国复,2025.2024年全球重大天气气候事件[J].气象,51(5):628-635.
QIAO Qi,LI Ying,YANG Guowei,CHEN Yixiao,HONG Haixu,DAI Tanlong,ZHU Xiaojin,WANG Youmin,WANG Guofu,2025.Global Major Weather and Climate Events in 2024[J].Meteor Mon,51(5):628-635.
乔琦,李莹,杨国威,陈逸骁,洪海旭,代潭龙,朱晓金,王有民,王国复,2025.2024年全球重大天气气候事件[J].气象,51(5):628-635.
QIAO Qi,LI Ying,YANG Guowei,CHEN Yixiao,HONG Haixu,DAI Tanlong,ZHU Xiaojin,WANG Youmin,WANG Guofu,2025.Global Major Weather and Climate Events in 2024[J].Meteor Mon,51(5):628-635.
