Abstract:Based on the parallel observation data of GTS12 and GTS1 radiosondes from 89 high altitude meteorological observation stations in China and the CMA-GFS model field data, a comparative analysis and evaluation of the observation data of the two radiosondes on each mandatory level are conducted. The results show that the GTS12 and GTS1 radiosondes have good consistency in temperature and geopotential height observation data, and the absolute values of biases in temperature and geopotential height are less than 0.5℃ and 30.0 gpm except on a few mandatory levels. The relative humidity observed by GTS12 radio-sonde is about 4.6% higher than that by GTS1 radiosonde on average. For the stability of observation data, there is not much difference between the two types of radiosondes on the middle and lower mandatory levels. On the upper mandatory levels, the temperature and geopotential height observed by the GTS12 radio-sonde are significantly superior to those by the GTS1 radiosonde, but the relative humidity by the former is slightly worse than that by the latter. The absolute average biases of temperature observed by GTS12 and GTS1 radiosondes relative to the CMA-GFS model data are about 0.34℃ and 0.44℃, respectively. Their average root mean square errors are about 1.23℃ and 1.31℃, and the average correlation coefficients are about 0.908 and 0.916, respectively. The corresponding geopotential heights are 11.05 gpm and 14.97 gpm, 18.76 gpm and 25.16 gpm, 0.948 and 0.934 and the corresponding relative humidities are 5.26% and 8.59%, 16.19% and 18.44%, 0.687 and 0.627, which indicate that the consistency between the observation data by the GTS12 radiosonde and the CMA-GFS model data is better than that of the GTS1 radiosonde with the model. The improvement of GTS12 radiosonde sensor technology has effectively enhanced the overall observation performance of the radiosonde.