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投稿时间：2018-11-06 修订日期：2019-02-20
投稿时间：2018-11-06 修订日期：2019-02-20
中文摘要: 2018年3月28—30日、6月20—26日和9月5—13日在江苏省盐城市射阳站开展了旋翼无人机大气边界层垂直结构观测试验，并与L波段雷达探空资料进行对比，验证无人机观测资料精度。结果表明无人机观测的温度、相对湿度、风向、风速廓线与探空观测资料具有较好的一致性。二者温度、相对湿度的相关系数均为0.98，温度绝对偏差为0.57℃，相对湿度绝对偏差为4.25%，风向相关系数为0.98，绝对偏差为11.5°，二者风速的相关系数为0.91，绝对偏差为1.88 m·s-1，且无人机探测的风速为对应高度上的瞬时风速，可以更好地反映出边界层内风速细节变化特征。试验期间，无人机观测到一次夏季浓雾过程边界层结构细致变化特征，其观测的雾的边界层结构特征和宏观特征与探空观测基本一致。验证结果表明无人机在边界层气象观测中具有很好的应用前景。
中文关键词: 无人机，边界层观测，L波段雷达探空，验证
Abstract:Three experiments of boundary-layer meteorological profiles observed by rotorcraft unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were carried out in spring (28-30 March), summer (20-26 June) and autumn (5-13 September) 2018 respectively in Sheyang Station of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, and compared with L-band radar sounding data to verify the accuracy of UAV observation data. The results show that the observation data of temperature, relative humidity, wind direction and wind speed vertical profile measured by UAV are in good agreement with the observation data of the L-band radar sounding data. The correlation coefficients of temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind direction (WD) and wind speed (WS) of UAV and L-band radar sounding are 0.98, 0.98, 0.98 and 0.91, respectively. The absolute deviations of T, RH, WD and WS are 0.57℃, 4.25%, 11.5° and 1.88 m·s-1 respectively. Since UAV measures the instantaneous wind speed at corresponding height, it can better reflect the subtle variation of wind speed characteristics in boundary layer. The summer UAV experiment recorded detailed changes of boundary layer structure during a heavy fog process. The boundary-layer structure and fog macro-characteristics observed by the UAV during this process were similar as that of L-band radar. The results show that UAV has a promising prospect in the application of boundary layer meteorological observation.
keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), boundary layer observation, L-band radar sounding, validation
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基金项目:江苏省自然科学青年基金项目(BK20161073)、江苏省重点研发计划（社会发展）（SBE2016710052）、中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2019Z007)和江苏省第五期“333工程”科研项目（BRA2018420）共同资助
引用文本：
王宏斌,吴泓,李永,徐家平,祖繁,张志薇,2020.旋翼无人机盐城试验观测资料分析及其在一次浓雾天气观测中的应用[J].气象,46(1):89-97.
WANG Hongbin,WU Hong,LI Yong,XU Jiaping,ZU Fan,ZHANG Zhiwei,2020.Validation of Rotorcraft UAV Boundary Layer Meteorological Observation Data and Its Application in a Heavy Fog Event in Yancheng[J].Meteor Mon,46(1):89-97.
王宏斌,吴泓,李永,徐家平,祖繁,张志薇,2020.旋翼无人机盐城试验观测资料分析及其在一次浓雾天气观测中的应用[J].气象,46(1):89-97.
WANG Hongbin,WU Hong,LI Yong,XU Jiaping,ZU Fan,ZHANG Zhiwei,2020.Validation of Rotorcraft UAV Boundary Layer Meteorological Observation Data and Its Application in a Heavy Fog Event in Yancheng[J].Meteor Mon,46(1):89-97.
