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投稿时间：2015-12-21 修订日期：2016-11-03
投稿时间：2015-12-21 修订日期：2016-11-03
中文摘要: 利用自主研制的降水微物理特征测量仪开展降水观测试验，得到了大量的雨滴图像。研究了异常雨滴图像的形成原因和处理方法，以此为基础重点研究了在极坐标下基于Akima插值的数字雨滴图像矢量化方法，得到了雨滴平均形状特征和轴比分布特征。结果表明，直径小于1 mm的雨滴以圆形为主，在1.0～3.0 mm的雨滴以椭圆形为主，大于3.0 mm的雨滴逐渐呈现顶部凸起，底部偏平的形状；雨滴的平均轴比分布与经验分布一致，相互之间差异在±0.04 mm范围以内；雨滴的平均轴比与经验模型的差值在粒径3.4～3.8 mm出现峰值，该范围内的雨滴较经验关系具有更圆的形状特性。
Abstract:A self developed precipitation micro physical characteristics sensor was applied in field experiment and a large quantity of raindrop images were obtained. The causing reasons and handling methods for outlet raindrop images were discussed, and a vectorized method based on the Akima interpolation under the polar coordinate was proposed in this paper. Then, the characteristics of average raindrop shape and axis ratio distribution were analyzed. The results show that the small drops (<1 mm in diameter) have spheroids shapes, the moderate drops (<1.0 mm and <3.0 mm in diameter) have oblate spheroids shapes and the larger drops (>3.0 mm in diameter) have more bulged tops and flattened bases. The mean axis ratio distribution is in good agreement with the empirical relationships, and the deviation between them is smaller than 0.04. The raindrops ranging from 3.4 to 3.8 mm are more spherical than those from empirical model.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41327003、41475020和41505135)及江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20150708)共同资助
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 舒小健 | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院，南京 211101 解放军93318部队气象台，辽宁开原 112300 |
| 高太长 | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院，南京 211101 |
| 刘西川 | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院，南京 211101 |
| 胡帅 | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院，南京 211101 |
| 江诗阳 | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院，南京 211101 |
引用文本：
舒小健,高太长,刘西川,胡帅,江诗阳,2017.基于降水微物理特征测量仪的雨滴形状观测与分析[J].气象,43(1):91-100.
SHU Xiaojian,GAO Taichang,LIU Xichuan,HU Shuai,JIANG Shiyang,2017.Observation and Analysis of Raindrop Shape Based on the Precipitation Micro Physical Characteristics Sensor[J].Meteor Mon,43(1):91-100.
舒小健,高太长,刘西川,胡帅,江诗阳,2017.基于降水微物理特征测量仪的雨滴形状观测与分析[J].气象,43(1):91-100.
SHU Xiaojian,GAO Taichang,LIU Xichuan,HU Shuai,JIANG Shiyang,2017.Observation and Analysis of Raindrop Shape Based on the Precipitation Micro Physical Characteristics Sensor[J].Meteor Mon,43(1):91-100.