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投稿时间：2012-08-20 修订日期：2013-07-10
投稿时间：2012-08-20 修订日期：2013-07-10
中文摘要: 利用中尺度WRF模式、NCEP/NCAR再分析格点资料及常规气象观测资料，对2009年8月28—30日河南省南部一次强暴雨过程进行中尺度数值模拟，借助模式输出的模拟数据计算位势涡度及位势涡度方程收支，并利用位涡收支方程对此次暴雨过程进行诊断分析。结果表明，WRF模式对此次暴雨过程的模拟效果较好，模拟暴雨强度及落区与实况较一致，位势涡度能够较好地反映此次暴雨过程的动力及热力特征。位涡异常高值区与暴雨中心有较好的对应关系，暴雨中心大致位于位涡高值中心东南侧。位涡收支方程中各收支项同样能够反映此次暴雨过程的动力、热力性质。暴雨发展过程中大气中低层位涡局地增加，位涡局地变化大值中心对应暴雨中心。各收支项中，引起中低层位涡局地变化的贡献主要来源于潜热加热作用、水平平流作用、垂直输送作用及摩擦作用。其中潜热加热与水平平流作用对暴雨区中低层正变位涡起正贡献作用，潜热加热作用有利于位涡局地增加，水平平流作用易于低层位涡向流场辐合区聚集，引起局地位涡增加；垂直输送及摩擦作用对中低层位涡变化表现为负贡献作用，垂直作用易于将中低层位涡向高层输送，使得低层位涡减小，高层位涡增加。在摩擦作用下，低层位涡被大量耗散，使得中低层位涡局地减小。
中文关键词: 暴雨， 数值模拟， 位涡， 位涡收支
Abstract:Using mesoscale WRF model, conventional meteorological data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the severe rainstorm process from 28 to 30 August in Henan Province is simulated and diagnosed with the equation of potential vorticity budget. Using the simulation results, this paper diagnoses the rainstorm by the potential vorticity and potential vorticity budget. The results show that WRF model has good simulation results to severe rainstorm. The simulated intensity and location of the rainstorm is well consistent with the observation. Potential vorticity can reflect the main dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of the rainstorm. High potential vorticity value area has a better correlation with the rainstorm center, which is located in the southeast of the high potential vorticity area. The various items of potential vorticity budget can well show the main dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of the rainstorm. The potential vorticity in the low middle atmosphere increases locally with the large value area corresponding to the rainstorm center in the process of rainstorm developing. Among the items of the potential vorticity budget, the latent heat and the horizontal advection and vertical transportation and friction are the main contribution items, of which the horizontal advection and the latent heat contribute positively to the local changes of potential vorticity. The latent heat makes the potential vorticity gradually increase. The horizontal advection is helpful for the potential vorticity to gather to the convergence zone of the flow field. The vertical transportation and friction make the negative contribution to the local changes of potential vorticity. The vertical transportation can transfer the potential vorticity from the lower to the high level and reduce the low level potential vorticity. Under the influence of the friction, the potential vorticity in low level is dissipatived and reduced.
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基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430103和2011CB403405)及国家自然科学基金项目(41075039、41375058和41175065)共同资助
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 赵小平 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室，南京 210044 西昌卫星发射中心气象室，西昌 615000 |
| 沈新勇 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室，南京 210044 |
| 朱晶晶 | 海南省气候中心，海口 570203 |
| 庆 涛 | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室，南京 210044 |
| 郭学峰 | 河南省气象服务中心，郑州 450003 |
引用文本：
赵小平,沈新勇,朱晶晶,庆 涛,郭学峰,2014.2009年豫南一次强暴雨过程的位涡方程诊断分析[J].气象,40(1):38-47.
ZHAO Xiaoping,SHEN Xinyong,ZHU Jingjing,QING Tao,GUO Xuefeng,2014.Diagnostic Analysis on Potential Vorticity Budget of One Severe Torrential Rain Process in Southern Henan in 2009[J].Meteor Mon,40(1):38-47.
赵小平,沈新勇,朱晶晶,庆 涛,郭学峰,2014.2009年豫南一次强暴雨过程的位涡方程诊断分析[J].气象,40(1):38-47.
ZHAO Xiaoping,SHEN Xinyong,ZHU Jingjing,QING Tao,GUO Xuefeng,2014.Diagnostic Analysis on Potential Vorticity Budget of One Severe Torrential Rain Process in Southern Henan in 2009[J].Meteor Mon,40(1):38-47.