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投稿时间：2011-12-08 修订日期：2012-06-26
投稿时间：2011-12-08 修订日期：2012-06-26
中文摘要: 本文根据1992—2010年泰山气象站和2007—2010年泰安气象站的酸雨观测资料，统计分析泰山地区的酸雨变化特征以及长期变化趋势，并对两站的酸雨数据作对比分析。结果表明泰山站的年均pH值变化范围为4.31~6.47，除了1999和2001年外，其余年份均低于5.60。泰山站的降水年均pH值的变化分两个阶段：1992—1999年泰山站降水年均pH值年呈波动变化，变化趋势并不显著；2000—2010年泰山降水pH值呈稳定降低的变化趋势，年变化率为-0.15 a-1。泰山站的多年月均pH值变化范围为4.50~5.02，3和7月的月均pH值较高，8和9月的月均值较低，季节变化不规则。泰安站多年月均pH值呈现与泰山站相似的季节变化特点。与国内高山站的酸雨观测结果比较，泰山站的降水酸性仅次于广东大瑶山，与西南地区高山站降水的酸性相当，明显高于西北地区高山站。统计比较2007—2010年两站的酸雨数据，结果显示泰安站降水pH值和NHC的平均值均高于泰山站。计算两站同时有降水时且降水开始时间间隔小于2 h降水事件的ΔpH 和ΔNHC，结果表明大多数为正值，这显示出边界层内气溶胶等污染物的云下清除对降水的贡献可能是形成这种差异的主要原因。
中文关键词: 泰山地区， 酸雨， 变化趋势， 云下清除
Abstract:This paper presents an analysis of variation characteristics and long term trend of acid rain in Taishan Mountain area, using the observed data of Taishan Mountain Weather Station from 1992 to 2010 and the data of Tai’an Weather Station from 2007 to 2010. The two stations are located within a distance of 10 km, and the latter sits at the foot of Taishan Mountain. The annual average precipitation pH values of the Taishan Mountain Station are generally below 5.60 except the two values in 1999 and 2001, with a variation ranging from 4.31 to 6.47. These pH values reveal two different periods of variation: one is a fluctuation change with no significant trend during 1992-1999, and another is a steady decrease trend from 2000 to 2010 at the annual rate of -0.15 a-1. The monthly average precipitation pH values over these years at Taishan Mountain Station vary from 4.50 to 5.02 with higher values in March and July and lower values in August and September, having an irregular seasonal variation. The monthly average pH values of Tai’an Weather Station have similar features in seasonal variation with Taishan Mountain Station, except the irregular changes in a few months due to limited data. Compared with the acid rain data from other mountain weather stations in China, the precipitation acidity of Taishan Mountain Station is much stronger than that of the mountains in the Northwest of China, similar with that of mountains in the Southwest of China, but a little weaker than that of Dayao Mountain, which is located in Guangdong Province, South China. The comparison of precipitation pH values and NHCs between Taishan Mountain Station and Tai’an Station indicates that the pH values and average NHCs of Tai’an Station are higher than those of Taishan Mountain Station. The most ΔpH values and ΔNHCs, which means the differences of pH values and of NHCs between Tai’an Station and Taishan Mountain Station when the two sites see rains at the same time and it begins to rain in less than two hours, are positive. This is probably due to the different contributions of scavenging the below clouds of atmospheric pollutants like aerosols， SO2 and NOx to the chemical composition of the rainwater at the two stations.
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基金项目:公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY200906038）资助
| Author Name | Affiliation |
| SUN Genhou | Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081 |
| TANG Jie | Meteorological Observation Centre of CMA, Beijing 100081 |
引用文本：
孙根厚,汤洁,2013.1992—2010年泰山地区酸雨变化特征及其趋势分析[J].气象,39(3):347-354.
SUN Genhou,TANG Jie,2013.Variation Characteristics and Trend of Acid Rain in Taishan Mountain Area[J].Meteor Mon,39(3):347-354.
孙根厚,汤洁,2013.1992—2010年泰山地区酸雨变化特征及其趋势分析[J].气象,39(3):347-354.
SUN Genhou,TANG Jie,2013.Variation Characteristics and Trend of Acid Rain in Taishan Mountain Area[J].Meteor Mon,39(3):347-354.