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气象:2010,36(7):94-100
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我国气象卫星的发展与应用
(国家卫星气象中心, 北京 100081)
Chinese Meteorological Satellites,Achievements and Applications
(National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2009-12-07    修订日期:2010-01-05
中文摘要: 本文介绍了风云系列气象卫星的现状,从观测内容、技术水平、业务运行、数据共享、 应用等多个方面比较了国际和中国气象卫星的发展状况,并且提出了我国为提高气象卫星应用水平应该做的工作。经过四十多年的努力,我国已经成功地发展了风云一号、三号极轨和风云二号静止两个系列的气象卫星,并实现了业务化。从气象卫星获取的大气和地表信息,已被广泛应用于天气预报、气候预报、环境和自然灾害监测、农业等多个国民经济领域,为国家经济发展、社会进步做出了贡献。风云气象卫星不仅提供数据直接分发广播,而且通过Internet网络与用户广泛共享;不仅提供云图和观测数据,还提供大量的定量产品。但是风云气象卫星的定量产品精度不够高,影响了使用效果,我国气象卫星资料和产品进入数值预报模式的工作进展缓慢,基层台站预报人员对风云气象卫星云图的判读和应用水平不够高。提高卫星观测仪器的研发水平,做好数据预处理、处理、同化方面所涉及的基础理论研究工作,从根本上提高数据应用的水平是当务之急。
Abstract:Status of FY series meteorological satellites of China is introduced. Comparisons between Chinese and international meteorological satellites are made in observation items, technical indicators, operation reliability, data sharing level and applications. With great efforts in the past 40 years, FY1/3 polar orbiting and FY2 geostationary meteorological satellites are now both in operation. Data and products from Chinese meteorological satellites on atmosphere and earth environment status have been broadly used in weather forecast, short range climate prediction, environmental/natural hazard monitoring, agriculture and other economical fields. Data and products from Chinese meteorological satellites are not only broadcasted in real time, but also accessed through Internet web site. But,quantitative accuracy of data from Chinese meteorological satellites, assimilation of data into numerical model and skills of forecaster at image interpretation need to be improved. Fundamental research at raising instrument accuracy, improving data pre processing, processing and simulation levels and applications must be enhanced.
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引用文本:
许健民,杨军,张志清,孙安来,2010.我国气象卫星的发展与应用[J].气象,36(7):94-100.
XU Jianmin,YANG Jun,ZHANG Zhiqing,SUN Anlai,2010.Chinese Meteorological Satellites,Achievements and Applications[J].Meteor Mon,36(7):94-100.