ISSN 1000-0526
CN 11-2282/P
CN 11-2282/P
Volume 30,Issue 6,2004 Table of Contents
2004, 30(6):3-7.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.06.001
Abstract:
A review is made on methane emission study from rice fields in China for more than 20 years. It includes the observation of methane emission flux from rice paddy fields； the biological mechanism of methane production and the study of mechanism of methane production,oxidation,transportation in the rice fields； and the factors affecting methane emission. Methane production and oxidation,the factors affecting methane emission are introduced,especially.
A review is made on methane emission study from rice fields in China for more than 20 years. It includes the observation of methane emission flux from rice paddy fields； the biological mechanism of methane production and the study of mechanism of methane production,oxidation,transportation in the rice fields； and the factors affecting methane emission. Methane production and oxidation,the factors affecting methane emission are introduced,especially.
2004, 30(6):8-12.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.002
Abstract:
The developments of aircraft icing forecasting and of research on cloud microphysics parameters is reviewed. The application of the cloud microphysical parameters to aircraft icing forecasting is analyzed and discussed. When model simulated and satellite retrieved cloud microphysical parameters are applied to aircraft icing forecasting,the accuracy and rationality would be improved.
The developments of aircraft icing forecasting and of research on cloud microphysics parameters is reviewed. The application of the cloud microphysical parameters to aircraft icing forecasting is analyzed and discussed. When model simulated and satellite retrieved cloud microphysical parameters are applied to aircraft icing forecasting,the accuracy and rationality would be improved.
2004, 30(6):12-17.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.003
Abstract:
Heavy rain in southwest of South China caused by typhoon "Durian" is simulated by MM5. Based on the excellent agreement with the observation,the area average energetic budgets and conversion over the region of typhoon is undertaken with the balance equation of kinetic energy for the divergent wind and rotational wind,to indicate the maintaining mechanism of typhoon and the characteristic of evolution of energy,as well as the relationship between the typhoon and its outside enhanced heavy rain.
Heavy rain in southwest of South China caused by typhoon "Durian" is simulated by MM5. Based on the excellent agreement with the observation,the area average energetic budgets and conversion over the region of typhoon is undertaken with the balance equation of kinetic energy for the divergent wind and rotational wind,to indicate the maintaining mechanism of typhoon and the characteristic of evolution of energy,as well as the relationship between the typhoon and its outside enhanced heavy rain.
2004, 30(6):18-23.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.06.004
Abstract:
A special weather event over Beijing is simulated,and a series of sensitivity experiments are carried out using a nested grid version of PSU/NCAR's mesoscale model(MM5) with a fine mesh grid size of 15km. It is shown that the MM5 model reproduces successfully the development of the weather process and its relevant mesoscale systems,that latent heat release acts a vital role in the development of the windward waves weather case,that responses to topographic forcing is rather sensitive;and that the store and transportation of the low-level potential unstable energy over Beijing are crucial conditions for the formation and intensification of convection.
A special weather event over Beijing is simulated,and a series of sensitivity experiments are carried out using a nested grid version of PSU/NCAR's mesoscale model(MM5) with a fine mesh grid size of 15km. It is shown that the MM5 model reproduces successfully the development of the weather process and its relevant mesoscale systems,that latent heat release acts a vital role in the development of the windward waves weather case,that responses to topographic forcing is rather sensitive;and that the store and transportation of the low-level potential unstable energy over Beijing are crucial conditions for the formation and intensification of convection.
2004, 30(6):24-27.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.06.005
Abstract:
Using data of summer temperature and precipitation in recent 50 years of Anhui Province,the climate change in summer season is analyzed and the inevitability of extreme climate events is explained. The results indicate that (1) Summer temperature decreased and precipitation increased in recent 50 years,so temperature is in a phase of low climate base state now and precipitation in high. (2) Climate variability also vary with time,and now both temperature and precipitation are in a phase of high climate variability so that we should be aware of frequent occurrence of extreme climate events such as flood,high temperature. (3) Maximum entropy spectrum analysis shows that the summer precipitation varies periodically for 2- to 3-year,with the character of QBO.
Using data of summer temperature and precipitation in recent 50 years of Anhui Province,the climate change in summer season is analyzed and the inevitability of extreme climate events is explained. The results indicate that (1) Summer temperature decreased and precipitation increased in recent 50 years,so temperature is in a phase of low climate base state now and precipitation in high. (2) Climate variability also vary with time,and now both temperature and precipitation are in a phase of high climate variability so that we should be aware of frequent occurrence of extreme climate events such as flood,high temperature. (3) Maximum entropy spectrum analysis shows that the summer precipitation varies periodically for 2- to 3-year,with the character of QBO.
2004, 30(6):28-31.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.006
Abstract:
With EOF and ROEF and wavelet analysis,the abnormal characteristics and the evolution rule in Northwest China are studied on the basis of the precipitation and temperature data of June-September for the period 1961-2000 collected from 168 stations. The results show:(1) The abnormal characteristics of precipitation in Northwest China is affected by the same large scale synoptic system,the precipitation abnormal area can be divided into seven regions. (2) The changes with time and periods of precipitation at each station are not the same. (3) The trend changes of drought is same at the first and the third region,the others are not the same.
With EOF and ROEF and wavelet analysis,the abnormal characteristics and the evolution rule in Northwest China are studied on the basis of the precipitation and temperature data of June-September for the period 1961-2000 collected from 168 stations. The results show:(1) The abnormal characteristics of precipitation in Northwest China is affected by the same large scale synoptic system,the precipitation abnormal area can be divided into seven regions. (2) The changes with time and periods of precipitation at each station are not the same. (3) The trend changes of drought is same at the first and the third region,the others are not the same.
2004, 30(6):32-35.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.007
Abstract:
Based on the annual precipitation data of five meteorological observation stations (Shenyang,Dalian,Dandong,Yingkou,Chaoyang) in Liaoning Province from 1953 to 2001,precipitation set is set up,the precipitation variation is analyzed. Annual precipitation showed an obvious reducing trend. According to the set,a drought catastrophe set is rebuilt. With the grey system model GM(1,1),the drought forecast problem in the five areas is discussed. The test show that the forecast effect is prefer with the data from 1996 to 2001.
Based on the annual precipitation data of five meteorological observation stations (Shenyang,Dalian,Dandong,Yingkou,Chaoyang) in Liaoning Province from 1953 to 2001,precipitation set is set up,the precipitation variation is analyzed. Annual precipitation showed an obvious reducing trend. According to the set,a drought catastrophe set is rebuilt. With the grey system model GM(1,1),the drought forecast problem in the five areas is discussed. The test show that the forecast effect is prefer with the data from 1996 to 2001.
2004, 30(6):35-39.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.008
Abstract:
Some instructive conclusions are given through analyzing the data of synoptic situation,satellite image,Doppler radar and lightning locating system of the course of lightning disaster on July 17. It is emphasized that it is important in judging the occurrence of lightning and convective weather to find the features such as strong vapor cumulating area in moisture chart,integrated echo and high strong echo area in the chart of radar echo and zero value line occurred in the velocity field of radar echo.
Some instructive conclusions are given through analyzing the data of synoptic situation,satellite image,Doppler radar and lightning locating system of the course of lightning disaster on July 17. It is emphasized that it is important in judging the occurrence of lightning and convective weather to find the features such as strong vapor cumulating area in moisture chart,integrated echo and high strong echo area in the chart of radar echo and zero value line occurred in the velocity field of radar echo.
2004, 30(6):39-42.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.009
Abstract:
The concept of contact degree in Set Pair analysis is applied to heavy precipitation processes forecast ensemble in Yunnan Province. First,the heavy precipitation processes is defined into different patterns. Contact degree among severe precipitation processes and forecast of MM5 meso scale model or objective forecast of Yunnan Province or empirical forecast of forecaster are confirmed. The weighting method is used to integrate with severe precipitation processes forecast. Finally,the severe precipitation processes forecast ensemble method is given.
The concept of contact degree in Set Pair analysis is applied to heavy precipitation processes forecast ensemble in Yunnan Province. First,the heavy precipitation processes is defined into different patterns. Contact degree among severe precipitation processes and forecast of MM5 meso scale model or objective forecast of Yunnan Province or empirical forecast of forecaster are confirmed. The weighting method is used to integrate with severe precipitation processes forecast. Finally,the severe precipitation processes forecast ensemble method is given.
2004, 30(6):43-47.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.010
Abstract:
Based on meteorological data from 1960 to 1999,the relation between fog and weather factors is analyzed. In terms of the conventional data and the T106 numerical forecast products,the 24-hour and 48-hour regional and local county fog forecast in Hebei are made.
Based on meteorological data from 1960 to 1999,the relation between fog and weather factors is analyzed. In terms of the conventional data and the T106 numerical forecast products,the 24-hour and 48-hour regional and local county fog forecast in Hebei are made.
2004, 30(6):48-51.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.6.011
Abstract:
Sixty four cases of hailfall for the past 20 years are analyzed. Three synoptic types are plotted. Source and path of hail cloud,echo characteristics,physical parameters characteristics of each synoptic type are given. Three concept models of hail in Northern and Central Fujian Province are established.
Sixty four cases of hailfall for the past 20 years are analyzed. Three synoptic types are plotted. Source and path of hail cloud,echo characteristics,physical parameters characteristics of each synoptic type are given. Three concept models of hail in Northern and Central Fujian Province are established.
2004, 30(6):52-55.
DOI: 10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2004.06.012
Abstract:
The field experiment of the integrated drought-preventing techniques such as wheat straw mulching,spraying drought preventing agent and wrapping seed before planting,were conducted from June to September 2002 The results show that the soil water content increased by 10%-20% in 0-30cm soil layer,the drought harm was reduced,and growth of summer maize in experiment field was better than that in farmland The summer maize yields increased by over 10% and benifit added over 500 yuan/hm 2 with the application of the integrated drought preventing techniques.
The field experiment of the integrated drought-preventing techniques such as wheat straw mulching,spraying drought preventing agent and wrapping seed before planting,were conducted from June to September 2002 The results show that the soil water content increased by 10%-20% in 0-30cm soil layer,the drought harm was reduced,and growth of summer maize in experiment field was better than that in farmland The summer maize yields increased by over 10% and benifit added over 500 yuan/hm 2 with the application of the integrated drought preventing techniques.
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