Abstract:Based on monthly mean temperature and precipitation during 100 years (1899—1999) in Qingdao，the trend of summer climatic change is investigated. The main results are as follows: summer temperature has obviously increased，the variation of precipitation is not remarkable over the last 100 years，however，there are dry (wet) and cold (warm) period of alternative changes，but，the tend of summer precipitation in the last 5 decades is remarkably decreased. Such consequence is chiefly affected by the decreasing summer monsoon and SST in the Pacific.

Abstract:A climatic forecast method,optimal climate analogues，is presented.The method was applied to the precipitation forecast in flood season.The result shows that the calculation is consistent with observations,specially in climatic anomalies.

Abstract:Using LASGREM model，a numerical experiment of the heavy rainfall in the north and central Henan Province on 5 to 6 July of 2000 is made. The result shows that the humidity at 850hPa is the most important factor effecting rainfall，and the Taihang Mountain also affects the rainfall area and the position of the most intensity of the rainfall as well. Besides，wind has some effects on the distribution of rainfall area.

Abstract:The planetary scale system and synoptic scale system such as blocking high and West Pacific high during the continual rain in flood season by using the data from 1960 to 2000 are analyzed. The distribution of dynamical and thermal character of continual rain is obtained after analyzing the physical quantity fields with five-year T106 data. A middle-range prediction model for continual heavy rain in flood season with the help of ECMWF numerical forecast data. And the result is fine after two-year application.

Abstract:A winter hailfall event is analyzed by using CINRAD/SA data on 19 Dec 2002. Three body scatter feature and radar products are analyzed in the event. The result shows that three body scatter feature is the instructive sign of heavy hailfall. And some radar product indexes of hailfall are also obtained.

Abstract:The quality control step of precipitation processing system of the WSR-88D，and deeply knowledge of the precipitation preprocessing algorithm，precipitation rate algorithm,precipitation accumulation algorithm and precipitation adjustment algorithm are studied. The study and setting of varieties of precipitation adaptable parameters are made based on the geography and climate of Shanghai region，the station condition and operation，so as to expect to get the best precipitation estimation. With the optimization of the WSR-88D precipitation product，the precipitation estimation accuracy of the system has been improved. It can give some useful reference to the CINRAD installing throughout the country.

Abstract:An analysis of a heavy rainfall event over the west of Chongqing on June 13th ，2002 is made. It is shown that the event resulted in a typical coupling of plateau vortex and southwest vortex，in addition the influence of the weak cold air. And it is shown that the general circulation forecast capability of the models of ECMWF and T213 is relatively high，however，part of physical elements products of T213 models and its precipitation forecast should be improved.

Abstract:TC precipitation prediction based on corresponding track-similar TC precipitation is one of operational TC precipitation forecasting methods. Typhoon Chebi(0102)，Toraji(0108) and a Tropical Depression have similar tracks and both brought about heavy rains in Zhejiang Province，but their precipitation intensity and distribution have different features. Based on the operational prediction，the detailed analyses were conducted on the atmospheric circulation features，physical quantity diagnoses and satellite images. It is found that the precipitation differences of the three tropical cyclones are mainly resulted from different atmospheric circulation backgrounds，environmental conditions of Zhejiang Province，the different intensity of TC，westerly trough，subtropical high over the Northwest Pacific Ocean and interactions between TC and westerly systems/subtropical systems. The conclusion is useful to operational TC precipitation prediction.

Abstract:Based on the dust-storm，gale days and precipitation data at 12 meteorological stations in Chifeng，Inner Mongolia from 1961 to 2000，the geographical distribution characteristics and seasonal，annual and decadal characteristics of dust-storm are analyzed. The results show that dust-storm days in Chifeng decreased for the last 40 years，the special landscape and strong windy characteristics in this area are the main causes. The main synoptic type of dust-storm occurring in Chifeng is given too.

Abstract:Based on the Internet Locator Service( ILS) and the TeamSpeak service of Windows server，an introduction of a method of implementing P2P video meeting and voice chat on the Internet by using the Net Meeting and Team Speak client software is given.Many practical functions based on the Internet，such as remote weather discussion，system maintenance，special meteorological service,etc. are achieved.

Abstract:Based on the satellite digitized image，radar observation，and thunder and lightning data，a thunderstorm monitoring and nowcasting system is developed. And therefore a 3 to 6-hour thunderstorm forecasting process scheme is set up.