Abstract:The systematical summary upon the observational facts and formation theories of persistent anomaly of atmospheric circulation is made. The research progresses of this field made since 1980s are also summed up specially. The unresolved problems and theoretical defect of persistent anomaly are analyzed simply.

Abstract:Atmospheric temperature data obtained at more than 70 stations for the period from 1951 through 1990 were processed with the method of correlation analysis and linear simulation.The result,for instance,represented by temperature variation ratio,also revealed regional diversities in temperature variations in China.

Abstract:The mechanism and some questions in the concentration prediction of radiative fumigation are studied.The correct algorithm for the absolute maximum and the isopleth of the ground level concentration of radiative fumigation(GLCRF)is presented.Various factors and the extent of high GLCRF are analysed.

Abstract:Because of influence of the ENSO and more snow cover over Tibetan Plateau in winter and spring on general circulation over the Northern Hemisphere in 1998,the dominant anomaly has been charaterized by the subtropical high over the west Pacific and it is very stronger,and at the same time moves southward in summer.Monsoon over China Sea is weaker and begins later one week than normal.ITCZ over the west Pacific is also weaker than normal so that outgrowth and landing typhoon and tropical storms are so less than normal.At 500hPa,zonal circulation is dominant in the middle latitude of Asia in spring,autumn and winter,but the meridinal circulation is strengthened in summer.These may be the main reasons that influence climate anomaly in China in 1998.

Abstract:There are several main characteristics about weather and climate over China in 1998:The flood in winter and spring occurred in some parts of South China.In summer,the serious flood occurred in the valleys of the Yangtze,Nenjiang and Songhuajiang Rivers.In autumn,the precipitation was less than normal,and the drought occurred in some parts of China.The annual mean temperature in 1998 was higher in China.The total number of typhoons and the number of landing typhoons was less.The total number of hailstorms was close to normal.Heavy snow disasters hit parts of the Tibetan Autonomous Region and Qinghai province.

Abstract:The global mean surface air temperature continued to be above-normal in 1998 and reached to the highest record.The El Nino and the following La Nina events have exerted significant effects on the global climate.Extreme climate events such as floods,storms,hot weather and droughts frequently occurred in different areas.All these disasters caused great economic loss all over the world.During the winter in 1998,the air temperatures were obviously warmer than the normal in most regions of the world and severe snowstorms were experienced in the North America.In spring,there were many forest fires caused by drought in Mexico and Indonesia.Persistent high air temperatures appeared in Indian and Europe.Tornadoes hit many areas in America during summer.The cold wave attacked Europe in the earlier fall.Severe hurricanes hit Caribbean in the later fall.

Abstract:The technical fundamentals of the new generation information servica system of climate data are described,which consrst of data warehouse technique,data mining technique,world wide web technique and intelligent agent technique.The structure and function of the system,as well as implemental system strategy are presented.

Abstract:The hydrostatic mesoscale model(MM5) is nested to the global spectral model of NMC.Three deep convective parameterization schemes are compared on precipitation prediction of 27 observational stations in east China in March and July 1997.It is shown that effects of different deep convective parameterization scheme on prediction quality are fairly different.

Abstract:Based on the ideal grain output attained without meteorological disasters,the influent factors on grain output formation were analysed, and a method to assess grain loss in Fujian province was suggested.An assessment of grain loss caused by meteorological disasters in Fujian about recent 17 years was made.

Abstract:The relationship between the snow cover of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the temperature and precipitation in summer in Yunnan Province is studied.The Result shows that the peak of annual array of depth of snow cover corresponds to the low temperature of Yunnan in summer and that the more the snow cover,the more the precipitation in June at Kunming in July at the most of Yunnan and in August North East of Ailaoshan mountain range.The analyses of 500hPa circulation show that during more snow cover year cold air activities are strengthened in Yunnan.

Abstract:The relationship between the total precipitation with the days of heavy rain and equivalent heavy rain and drought/flood grade was discussed by using the daily precipitation data at Linyi City,Shandong in the period from 1961 to 1997.It is suggested that the rainfall of heavy rain in flood season should play an important role in the total precipitation in flood.The forecast for drought/flood in flood season can be regarded as forecast for heavy rain in flood season.