Abstract:The article highlights the importance of philosophical reasoning in climatology with an overview of the ancient Chinese climatological knowledge and the modern climate problems. As the priority of Chinese ancient scientific thinking indicated by some western scientists,it is pointed out that modern climatology is facing a conceptual change in the course of her development.

Abstract:By studying the distribution of net primary productivity (NPP) of natural vegetation and spatial and temporal variation of grain crop biomass (Gcb) in China and their relationships,a crop output estimating; method was established.

Abstract:DSSAT V3 is a relatively well-established crop production and management computer decision support system at the present stage. Comparing to its predecessor DSSAT V2. 1 ,the version V3 is much more flexible and has more functionality for data base manipulation and model applications. New features concerning about DSSAT V3 have been expounded in terms of its shell and crop models.

Abstract:The logical structure of database in the weather forecasting is worksheet. The definition of worksheet is a relational data model. It shows that worksheet is better to describe the state of weather elements in the 4-dimensions and more useful in the operation of Man-Computer interactive System. People can get more helps from relational database by the technique.

Abstract:The relationship between aircraft icing and meteorological conditions was analysed,and the forecasting equat.ons of aircraft icing were used to program. The structure,function and its effectiveness of the applied software were mainly introduced. The results provide a reference for implementing computerization of the aeronautic meteorological elements prediction.

Abstract:Infrared satellite images from GMS-4 were used to document the growth and development of a severe Mesoscale Convective Complex (MCC) that occurred near N—NW periphery of the subtropical high on 4—5 August 1993.

Abstract:The theory, method and data processing procedure of snowcover monitoring using the AVHRR data is described. A operational system for monitoring snowcover has been established. The resuhs show that the method is very useful It can be used to measure the snow depth,estimate the snowcover area and calculate the extent of snowcover.

Abstract:By comparing experimental results of a step-by-step approximation method with tropical storm forecasts issued by other weather services in China and some international services, and with experimental outputs from some domestic objective forecasting methods during tropical storms season in 1995,it is pointed out that the step-by-step approximation method has good ability in forecasting recurvature of tropical storm's track. The 48 hours mean distance error of the results was less than 300km. The method has more advantages than other objective forecasting methods especially when a tropical storm changed its motion speed markedly.

Abstract:The effect of artificial hail suppression is obviously in the area change of hail damage during 10 years at Mancheng county in Hebei province. The area of hail damage decreased 45% and 90% respectively in the mountains and the plains of this county as compared with historicol data. The difference in two regions was also caused by the artificial hail suppression.

Abstract:The mean-years annual precipitation in three areas, the national range,Xinjiang Autonomy and the Urumchi River valley was analysed. The result shows that there is a functional relationship between the mean-years annual precipitation and its area,the relationship is a negative exponential distribution. The method can be used to (1) describe quantitatively the precipitation state in a climatic region ,and (2) estimate the mean-years annual precipitation in the regions without rainfall station by the flow-off of the river water and calculate some hydrometeorological parameters.

Abstract:Based on mean daily temperature, the characteristics of the transition from autumn to winter are classified into four types. The relationship between the different type and the drought/flood summer of next year are discussed. By using the relationship,long-term forecasts of the drought/flood in summer are made and the results are fair good.

Abstract:Based on specific analysis of crop mature period and yield estimates and coupled with historical data of agricultural products purchase progress,the dynamical prediction model of crop harvest was established. It is possible thereby to make a reasonable detailed plan of fund supply for purchase.

Abstract:A study on yield structure optimization was conducted by investigating the occurrences and changes of winter wheat yield components and their interaction. The linear programming method was used in the yield structure optimization. The model is very useful to the production of winter wheat in this region.