Abstract:The recent progress in the upper-air observational techniques at home and abroad are summarized.The topics of discussion include:various sensors and circuits of radiosonde,various wind-finding equipments,measuring accuracy,automatization and economic effectiveness.

Abstract:In order to study the synthetic effect of temperature,humidity,wind speed and solar radiation on human thermal sensation,a human bioclimatic classification is worked out by means of effective temperature and wind-chill index.Climatic data of 657 weather observatories for last 30 years of the country are used.The results show that the whole country can be generally divided into 27 bioclimatic areas in winter and 20 bioclimatic areas in summer. The classification'is of important reference value for human activities such as tourism, settlement,urbanization,military activities etc.

Abstract:A method of data analysis of temproal sequences,based on the replacement of new-old information of restrictive memory with lapse of time is developed. This appraoch is based on the modelling of the principal component analysis for the prior L square matrix of period extrapolation matrix Of mean generating function only,with a few principal components inclouding main information of temporal sequence.The scheme is applied to the multi-step forecast of annual meantemperatures of 28 cities in Sichuan,and the relative errors between forecast and real values are not more than 14%,and it is shown that the scheme is effective for the multi-step forecast of temperature.

Abstract:According to the monitoring results of spring rain,mold rain and typhoon rain at Xiamen from 1983 to 1991,relationships among the acidity of every type of rain and meteorological parameters are studied by analyzing the monitoring data of meteorological parameters of every rain event.The contributions of long-transportation sources and local sources of pollutants to the formation of acid rain at Xiamen are estimated as well.

Abstract:The field experiment results of three prototypes of AWS are described.These prototypes submitted a tender and had been preliminary selected by CMA. The experiment shows that under normal conditions,the observing accuracy could basically meet the requirement of CIMO for AWS.Their average vaines for ten days and for a month have no obvious differences with manual observation. But the stations failue often appeared in operation. So that they cannot be used in professional work.The improved prototypes are being tested in field stations now.

Abstract:In order to help weather forecasters and hydrorological designers to analyse and forecast the characters of the rainfall,two graphs are contributed. These graphs are concerned about two fomulas got from a theorical analysis,verified by statistical test and used commonly and practically.One of the graph concerns the relationship between rainfall and its duration,the other concerns the rainfall and its area.

Abstract:The group method of data handling(GMDH)is used to forecast wind-velocity at eight o'clock each day within three days for the middle and western areas of Bobal sea in Feb. 1991.It'saccurate rate is higher.

Abstract:The spatial and temporal distribution of mean annual air temperature,the temperature in the coldest and the hottes month in tecent 40 years and the change of temperature departure field in rach decades are analused with the observations at 350 stations well-distributed mostly cover the country from 1951 to 1990.And the influence of temperature change on agricultural production is analysed

Abstract:Double screening multiplicity stepwise regression has an obvious advantage in the regressive type analyst'between the multiple arguments and depelldent variables which are interrelative and interactive.There is a coupling relation between orange quality and weather-factors. The application of double screening multiplicity stepwise regression to the analysis of the weather-factors which has an effect on the orange quality is effective. Such weather-factors as light,tempeature and water,esp. the fiEst two,all have an effect oil the orange quality.The effect of multiple-factors is more obvious than that of single-factor.