ISSN 1000-0526
CN 11-2282/P
CN 11-2282/P
Characteristics and Causes of the Anomalous Intensity Change in Super Typhoon Yagi(2024)
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Abstract:
Based on the station observation, sounding data, FengYun 4B satellite image, Doppler weather radar and ERA5 reanalysis data, the characteristics and causes of the anomalous intensity change in Super Typhoon Yagi(2024) are carried out. It is found that Yagi is the stongest landfalling autumn typhoon in China since 1981, and maintained super typhoon level (SuperTY) in the South China Sea for 64 hours, making it the longest-lasting SuperTY in the region. Yagi experienced three rapid intensification (RI) events, one of which reached extreme rapid intensification (ERI), with its 12-hour and 24-hour intensity increases being the highest recorded in the South China Sea since 1981. The robust southwestern monsoon supplied abundant moisture for typhoon development, while the stable subtropical high and continental airflow transported convectively unstable air masses from land toward the typhoon"s core. This enhanced atmospheric potential instability near the typhoon"s circulation, while weakened environmental vertical wind shear and favorable upper-level outflow conditions collectively facilitated RI and sustained peak intensity. The sea surface temperature in the northern South China Sea exceeded 30°C, 1–2°C above normal, providing substantial latent heat flux to the atmosphere. During Yagi"s RI, a significant increase in kinetic energy within the typhoon"s domain was observed. The primary driver of this kinetic energy growth was a sharp rise in kinetic energy production, with vertical and horizontal kinetic energy transport also playing crucial roles.
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