ISSN 1000-0526
CN 11-2282/P
CN 11-2282/P
Research Advances in the Formation Mechanisms and Nowcasting of Thunderstorm Gales
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Abstract:
Thunderstorm gales refer to strong winds with a wind speed ≥17 m·s-1 caused by strong convective weather systems, which are one of meso-scale and micro-scale strong convective weather that causes huge disasters. Understanding their formation mechanisms and conducting accurate nowcasting and early warning are the keys to disaster prevention and mitigation. This paper summarizes the existing studies on the formation mechanisms and nowcasting of thunderstorm gales, including synoptic patterns, environmental characteristics, different formation mechanisms and windstorm morphologies, as well as nowcasting technology. Most thunderstorm gales are generated in supercells, squall lines, and bow echoes through strong downdraft, gust front, momentum transmission, horizontal pressure gradient between outflow and ambient wind, dynamic forcing and superimposed effect of mesoscale vortex, and pumping effect of updraft on low-level warm and moist inflow, etc. On the basis of above review, the difficulties and much-need issues of the formation mechanisms and nowcasting of thunderstorm gales are discussed.
Keywords:
Project Supported:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2022YFC3004103), Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (Grant Z221100005222012), Key Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration (Grant CMA2022ZD07)
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