The Greater Khingan Mountains Area is an important ecological resource protection area in China due to its complex terrain and various biological species. Understanding and recognizing the microphysical properties of clouds is of great significance for studying the climate change and precipitation characteristics in the region. Based on CloudSat-CALIPSO (CloudSat-Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) data, the macroscopic and microscopic physical characteristics of the clouds in the Greater Khingan Mountains are analyzed. The results show that the annual average cloud occurrence frequency over the Greater Khingan Mountains is 59.5%, mainly composed of altostratus, cirrus and stratocumulus, and the cloud occurrence frequency in spring and summer is higher than that in autumn and winter. The clouds are mainly thin clouds, and 61.41% of the clouds are less than 2 km thick. The cloud top height and cloud bottom height show the distribution patterns of double peak and single peak, respectively. The occurrence frequency of single-layer cloud is the highest, accounting for 69.19% of the total cloud cover. With the increase of cloud layer, the occurrence frequency of clouds decreases gradually. The cloud liquid water content in the Greater Khingan Mountains is abundant, with an 〖JP2〗annual average value of 244.41 mg·〖JP〗m-3, which is about 4 times the annual average ice water content. There are 83.2% of cloud water resources concentrated in low-altitude areas below 5 km from the ground. The annual mean values of effective particle size and number concentration of water droplets are 15.86 μm and 34.47 cm-3, respectively, which are lower than the average values of ice crystals. The water content and effective particle size in the cloud show a single-peak distribution with height, while the particle number concentration of cloud droplet shows a double-peak distribution at low altitudes.