In order to study the echo characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall in the process of severe rainstorm in Changjiang River Basin, by using the data of weather, radar echo and meteorological, hydrological and rainfall in Changjiang River Basin, as well as the methods of meteorology, statistics, radar meteorology and image processing, this paper studies 10 severe rainstorm processes in Changjiang River Basin from 2000 to 2020. The results show that the severe rainstorm process mainly depends on the short-term heavy rainfall caused by convective activities, including the short-term heavy rainfall and the range of heavy rainfall. When the accumulated rainfall of 3 h is ≥ 100 mm, the red warning of severe rainstorm can be issued in advance. The monitored short-term heavy rainfall accumulated for 3 h at a single monitoring station can be issued earlier to improve the effect of severe rainstorm prediction service. Ultra low-level jet, low-level vortex, high-altitude trough, low-level convergence and high-level divergence play an important role in the process of severe rainstorm in Jingdezhen City. Heavy precipitation is caused by strong echo cell, strong echo short band or other echoes in a wide range of mixed precipitation, and the echo intensity is 45-55 dBz. STI product information can not only reflect the movement information of strong echo, but also analyze the convergence of echo, which has a good reference value for short-term and imminent prediction. On the echo band covering Jiangxi east-west direction, there are many short band echoes in south-north direction, which move from west to east to form “train effect”. The vertical velocity of wind profile radar product can roughly reflect the echo movement. The CR intensity 〖JP2〗causing the torrential rain is mostly〖JP〗 45-50 dBz, the average height of echo top is 12-13 km, the VIL is 5-10 kg·m-2, and the average extension height of strong echo of 45 dBz is 6 km. When the CR intensity is above 45 dBz: the strong echo area reaches Grade 3, and there is a great possibility of short-term heavy precipitation. The strong echo area is in Grade 2, mostly between 20-30 mm·h-1. When the strong echo area is at Grade 1, the precipitation intensity is basically below 20 mm·h-1. These research results could provide a reference basis for understanding, monitoring and early warning the echo characteristics and prediction of short-term heavy rainfall in severe rainstorm in Changjiang River Basin.