Himawari-8 is a new generation of geostationary meteorological satellite launched by Japan. Compared with the previous generation of MTSAT-2, it has greatly improved its spatio-temporal resolution. The number of infrared channels of Himawari-8 is increased from 4 to 10 compared with MTSAT-2, providing new observation data for infrared remote sensing of dust. This research makes full use of Himawari-8 infrared observation data and develops an all-day dust identification algorithm using only infrared channels, which can realize continuous monitoring during the day and night. The algorithm is based on previous algorithms, and does not use visible light channels, but uses more infrared channels for cloud detection and dust recognition. As surface temperature changes during the day, two different sets of discriminant thresholds are set up for daytime and nighttime to ensure the applicability of the algorithm for the whole day. Finally, two dust events are used to verify the results of dust discrimination. The consistency between ground-based and remote sensing results shows that it is feasible to use the infrared channel to identify sand and dust all day.