Based on the conceptual model of disaster magnitude, a four-dimensional meteorological disaster volume model is proposed. The disaster plane, which is composed of the numbers of affected people, affected area and direct economic losses, is considered as the basic scale of the disaster loss. The number of deaths and missing people is the fourth dimension, which is in the vertical direction of the disaster plane. Then, a four-dimensional meteorological disaster volume is formed. The disaster volume model has initially been applied to the annual evaluation of meteorological disasters in China, and the annual evaluation results show that meteorological disaster losses are obviously heavier in 2003, 2006 and 2010. The verification results show that the disaster volume model considers the number of the dead and missing people as a special dimension, highlighting its weight in the assessment of the whole disaster loss. In addition, the disaster area is added, making the evaluation results more complete.