In contrast to the new generation weather radar, dual-polarization weather radar can transmit both of horizontal and vertical electromagnetic waves, and collect more information to differentiate between precipitation and non-precipitation radar echoes. Identifying and removing non-precipitation echoes in radar reflectivity fields are one critical step in radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation. In this paper, according to the observed variables and characteristics of non-precipitation, an algorithm of quality control for S-band polarization weather radar data is developed, tested and evaluated by employing the WSR-88D polarization weather radar in Shanghai. The results demonstrate that the algorithm could identify more than 93% non-precipitation, and the precipitation echo error is only 3.82%.