ISSN 1000-0526
CN 11-2282/P
CN 11-2282/P
Archive > Volume 42 Issue 12 > 2016,42(12):1513-1521. DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2016.12.009 Prev Next
Climatic Characteristics and Environmental Parameters of Severe Thunderstorm Gales in China
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Abstract:
This study analyzed the climatic features and environmental parameters of severe thunderstorm gales (≥25 m·s-1) in China in 2004-2013. The results show that severe thunderstorm gales are seen mainly in the eastern part of China. Beginning from March the gales blow in the southwest and southeast of China, then moving northward to the central and eastern part in April and continuously to the northern, northeastern and northwestern parts in May. The peak values of severe thunderstorm gales appear at different times in different regions and there are two peaks in the central and eastern parts of China. Severe thunderstorm gales have medium vertical wind shears, 10.2 m·s-1 from surface to 700 hPa, and 14.3 m·s-1 from surface to 500 hPa, which are lower than the average values in America. The relative dry layers exist obviously in the middle level. The average difference between temperature and dew point temperature at 500 hPa is greater than 10 ℃, while the layers from 3 km to 7 km are dry in the northern and northeastern part of China. According to the infrared satellite images, the most common severe thunderstorm gales are mostly along with cluster clouds, and secondly line clouds. Besides, there are some single convective clouds and the major cloud patterns are different in different regions. By analyzing the environmental parameters of three different cloud patterns in East China where severe thunderstorm gales are seen often, we found that, in the case of the cluster clouds, the CAPE values of the severe gales are large with humidity high in low level but low in middle level, and also with high lapse rate. In comparison, for the line cloud pattern the thermodynamic parameters are smaller, but the values of lowlevel and deep vertical wind shears are large and the whole layer is dry. The values of humidity and temperature in low level for the single convective cloud pattern are large and the ambient vertical wind shears are smaller.
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