Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA in short) method to assess the efficiency of Shaanxi meteorological resources, the synthetic efficiency, technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of Shaanxi meteorological services were calculated from 2007 to 2009 and the general state is as follows. The averages of synthetic efficiency and scale efficiency have somewhat decreases, while technical efficiency increases. Their comparison shows that technical efficiency has top value in 2009 and the lowest in 2007. According to values of both synthetic efficiency and scale efficiency, they have top values in 2008 and the lowest in 2009. Factors affecting efficiency are analyzed by econometric modeling using Panel Data Model. Results show that CSIWSs (Customs and the public Satisfaction Index of Weather Services), and proportion of agricultural yields and investing funds have significant positive relationships with synthetic efficiency, and the number of academic papers constitutes a reverse relation with synthetic efficiency. According to those analyses, some effective countermeasures are put forward.