Climate and human are closely related in essence. Human society has a long history of adaptation to the earth climate. Climatology is a science of humankind understanding the nature and applying climate resource. Since the late 1950s, global climate has been very likely impacted by human being. Further, changing climate influences human life and production through a series of complicated processes. It should be alerted that in the 21st century we should actively cope with climate change and its associated with the extreme weather and climate events. It is urgent to further enhance climate system observation and monitoring, to conduct climate research and model development to enhance climate prediction capability. More importantly, it is necessary to establish a climate service system through close cooperation with sector users in order to adapt to increasingly serious climate change and climate variability.