The conventional observation data, climatic data, NCEP 2.5°×2.5° reanalysis data and automatic observation data were employed to analyze the 18 severe freezing rain events over the past 50 years in Jiangxi Province. The results show that (1) the favorable influencing systems to the severe freezing rain were cold high, blocking high, subtropical high, trough in lower latitudes, shear line at 850 hPa, surface convergence line (quasistationary front), temperature frontal zone, and jet stream and moist tongue at 700 hPa, and revealed the significant weather system patterns; (2) under favorable weather situations, severe freezing rain process presented characteristics of pentad (dekad) antecedent temperature increase. When the antecedent average maximum temperature and antecedent average temperature surpassed or approached to those in the same time of the past, the severe freezing rain event would occur very likely; (3) temperature inversions appeared between 850-700 hPa during the 18 severe freezing rain events, with 4-5 ℃ average temperature differences, upto a maximum of 10 ℃, and the surface air temperatures were lower than or close to 0 ℃; (4) there were three temperature difference centers between 700-850 hPa, meaning that there were warm and moist currents at 700 hPa and about 89% of the freezing rain events were related to these currents.