Based on the surface wind speed, and the area of arable land data from 1961 to 2004 in Heilongjiang Province, the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of the characteristics of wind speed variation in Heilongjiang Province are analyzed. The results show that in the past 44 years, over most parts of Heilongjiang Province, the wind speed has been reduced significantly. In Heilongjiang Province the annual mean wind speed is reduced by 1.35 m·s-1. In different seasons, the mean wind speed is decreased differently.The largest decrease of mean wind speed is 1.74 m·s-1 in spring, followed by 1.40 m·s-1 in winter, and then 1.33 m·s-1 in autunm, finally the smallest 0.99 m·s-1 in summer. Wind speeds at national weather stations decrease more than agricultural weather stations in the Sanjiang Plain. These differences in wind speed changes may be caused by different land use patterns. On the other hand, the increasing temperature, artificial largearea surface property changes in the atmospheric environment in Heilongjiang Province are the reasons for reduced surface wind speeds.