The research status of debris flow at home and abroad is reviewed. On this basis, the research advance of relationship among the debris flow, effective antecedent precipitation and ecoenvironment factors is briefly summarized. It is discussed from four aspects, i.e. the ways of the use of precipitation, the estimation of precipitation, the analysis model of relation between precipitation and debris, and the ecoenvironment factor. The applying of intense rain gauge, radar and satellite gauge made the rainfall estimating of debris flow position more precise. The study is developed from the analysis about the impact of the critical rainfall on debris flow to effective antecedent rainfall, rain rate triggered debris flow and the type of precipitation on debris flow. At present, there are deterministic model and probability model which analyze the relationship between the rainfall and the debris flow occurrence. The study of the applying of ecoenvironment factors developed forward to two directions: one is that the debris flow model is developed in elementary area on the basis of finer definition of geological hazardous region. The other is that the ecoenvironmental factor is used as one of the variables in the model. Besides, more analyses are needed to solve the problem found in the present debris flow study.