Based on the requirement of the meteorological service of real-time monitoring drought,a calculation scheme of drought index, the drought index of the dynamic monitoring in Chongqing, is designed in consideration of three conditions including precipitation in recent time,soil moisture(preceding precipitation)and air temperature, with real-time weather informance. The index is based on the main three factors resulting the drought, which is continuous less of rainfall, higher daily maximum temperature, and less rainfall in the prior period. The operating system of the real-time drought monitoring was established based on the index, and it did well in the daily dynamic monitoring of the drought in Chongqing in the midsummer of 2004.