ENSO Events and Their Intensity during the Past Century

o explore the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean in ENSO events, the combination of 2 SST indices and 2 SOIs which are all beginning from 1880 are used to define the ENSO index. The 2 SSTs are SST of Nino C(i.e. 180°～90°W,0°～5°S, Angell,1981) and SST of Nino 3 (i.e. 160°E～90°W, 5°N～5°S, Cane et al., 1997), 2 SOIs are SOI of Ropelewski and Jones and SOI of Shi and Wang respectively. Then 32 "warm phase" ENSO events and 32 "cold phase" ENSO events in total are identified from spring 1880 through spring 1998. The intensity of each ENSO event was also classified.

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