The characteristics of the hail weather over four cities at the northeast of Yimeng mountain in Shandong province were analysed. 4 major weather conditions of hail occurrence and 5 major hail cloud moving trace were presented. The result showed when the hail weather occured was most frequent in May and June. Therefore,a serial of short range forecast equations for May and June were established,and a short range criteria for distinguishing hail cloud and thunder rain cloud was suggested by using radar sounding.