Superposed-epoch analyses of drought/flood index in China for the past 500 years show substantial differences in spatial pattern and temporal evolution of the drought/flood with respect to low and mid-high volcanic eruptions. Drought events might appear more frequently in the key years (that is, eruption years)in North China,while significant rainfall anomalies might ocuur with great probability only in the following years. Finally,it is inferred that there would not be direct . ralationships between both eruptions of Pinatuebo in the Philippines and Unzendake in Japan and the extraoridinarily catastrophic flood in Changjiang-Huai river valley in summer of 1991.