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气象:2013,39(10):1374-1378
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2013年春季我国气候异常特征及其可能原因
(国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京 100081)
Climatic Features and Possible Causes for Spring 2013
(Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2013-07-23    修订日期:2013-08-07
中文摘要: 2013年春季,全国平均气温较常年同期偏高1.0℃,平均降水量较常年同期偏多8.3%,但气温和降水空间分布不均,东北气温持续偏低,华北出现区域性气象干旱。分析表明:2013年冬春季北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation, AO)持续强的负位相;3和4月东北冷涡活跃,不仅频次偏多且强度偏强;同时,从2013年秋季开始东北地区积雪面积持续偏大,这些因子共同作用造成东北出现强的持续性低温。而2012年冬季以来西伯利亚高压持续偏弱,同时异常高脊控制我国北方大部地区,加之水汽输送不足,造成华北地区出现区域性气象干旱。
Abstract:During the spring of 2013, the surface air temperature was 1℃ higher than normal and the average precipitation was 8.3% more than normal in China. However, obvious spatial and temporal inhomogeneity was observed in both temperature and precipitation with severe cold weathers persisting in Northeast China and regional drought occurring in North China. Long persistent negative phase of Arctic Oscillation (AO), active cold vortexes and more extensive than normal snow cover over the Northeast China caused the sustained low temperature in this region. And, weaker than normal Siberian high, anomalous high ridge and inadequate water vapor transport may be the primary causes for the drought in North China.
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基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB955901)、中国气象局气候研究开放实验室2012/2013年度开放青年基金及中山大学“985工程”第三期共同资助
引用文本:
王遵娅,周兵,王艳姣,龚志强,王启祎,2013.2013年春季我国气候异常特征及其可能原因[J].气象,39(10):1374-1378.
WANG Zunya,ZHOU Bing,WANG Yanjiao,GONG Zhiqiang,WANG Qiyi,2013.Climatic Features and Possible Causes for Spring 2013[J].Meteor Mon,39(10):1374-1378.