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气象:2010,36(3):1-8
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世界气象组织综合观测系统(WIGOS)
(世界气象组织综合观测与信息系统司,瑞士 日内瓦)
WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS)
(Observing and Information Systems Department, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland)
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投稿时间:2010-02-08    修订日期:2010-02-20
中文摘要: 回首世界气象组织(WMO)成立以来的60年光辉历程,突出的成就之一就是所建立的功能强大、标准化的全球观测网,结合开放的数据政策及强大的实时数据交换业务能力,大大促进了全球、区域和国家级气象业务的发展,满足了不断增长和日趋复杂的社会需求,为人类安全和福祉做出了巨大贡献。世界天气监视计划(WWW)建立的全球观测系统(GOS)是世界气象组织国际合作的重要里程碑。本文首先回顾了世界天气监视计划全球观测系统(GOS)的起源、演进和现状,及其对全球气象业务发展的巨大贡献。第二部分描述了滚动需求评估过程的要点,即世界气象组织如何评估观测能力满足用户的过程,这使得我们得以更好地指导观测系统的发展。第三部分给出了全球观测系统到2025年发展的远景的描述,解释了未来观测系统的主要组成部分的发展要点。第四部分阐述世界气象组织新举措:WMO全球综合观测系统(WIGOS),一个综合、全面和协调的观测系统,它将以高效益成本比和可持续的方式,满足世界气象组织成员国日益增长的观测需求,提升他们为天气、气候、水和有关的环境领域的服务能力,同时加强与世界气象组织观测系统与伙伴组织观测系统的协调合作,造福社会。
Abstract:Looking back the sixty years of glorious history, the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) was established with confidence in its contribution to human security and welfare. Over the past 60 years, WMO and its Members have created and evolved standardized global observing networks, together with free and unrestricted exchange of data and products policy and capability, laid the solid foundation for WMO Members to meet the ever growing challenges and requirements of an increasingly complex society. Global observations strongly rely on international cooperation, which has been the hallmark of WMO. World Weather Watch, itself a unique product of international cooperation and networking, touched every nation and enabled the global standardized observations and exchange of real time data across frontiers. The paper firstly reviews the evolvement of the World Weather Watch Global Observing System (GOS), a testament to WMO and its Members that the unique global system for which they have been responsible has so significantly contributed to the understanding of our world and its environment. The second section describes the Rolling Review of the Requirements process, i.e. how WMO observing capability can meet the user requirements, which gives excellent guidance for the observing system development. The third section gives the description of the Vision for the GOS in 2025, explaining the key development components of the future GOS. The fourth section elaborate the WMO new initiative: WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS), an integrated, comprehensive and coordinated observing system to satisfy in a cost effective and sustained manner the evolving observing requirements of WMO Members and programmes for their weather, climate, water and related environmental services and will enhance coordination of WMO observing systems with those of partner organizations for the benefit of society.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40501049)
引用文本:
张文建,2010.世界气象组织综合观测系统(WIGOS)[J].气象,36(3):1-8.
ZHANG Wenjian,2010.WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS)[J].Meteor Mon,36(3):1-8.