Abstract:In November 2025, the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex exhibited a monopolar pattern that biased towards the Eastern Hemisphere, while the atmospheric circulation in the Eurasian mid-to-high latitudes was characterized by a zonal multi-wave structure. A strengthened Ural blocking high, combined with a westward-extending and intensified subtropical high, facilitated the generation of active autumn typhoons in the Northwest Pacific, where three typhoons formed, with one of them making landfall in China， the two figures both exceeded the climatological average. The national average precipitation in November 2025 was 20 mm, comparable to the historical average of 20.2 mm. Notably, the monthly precipitation in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and Hainan was more than 100 mm, representing a positive anomaly of 0.5 to 2 times the historical average. The national average temperature reached 4.2℃, 0.9℃ above the normal (3.3℃). Moreover, significant warm anomalies of 1-4℃ were observed in Northeast China, North China and the Huanghuai Region, with Liaoning and Hebei experiencing the second-highest average temperatures for this period in history. During this month, three cold air events occurred, including the nationwide cold wave from 17 to 19 November, which was the first cold wave event in the second half of the year and triggered rapid cooling across central and eastern China, with the drop in temperature by 12-14℃ in southern Shaanxi, western Hubei and southern Anhui. During this month, two sand-dust events occurred, 1.4 times more than the average in the same period from 2000 to 2024. Atmospheric diffusion conditions were generally favorable, with only one haze episode in Northeast China and North China in early November. However, central and eastern China experienced three days of foggy weather. In particular, eight provinces： Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Hubei， encountered super-dense fog with visibility shortened to below 50 m, causing significant traffic disruptions including the closure of many highways and the suspension of ferry services.