Abstract:The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in October 2025 are as follows. The polar vortex was distributed in a monopole pattern, biased towards the Western Hemisphere side. The mid-high latitude circulation in the Northern Hemisphere presented a four-wave distribution, while in the Eurasian Region it was in a “two troughs and one ridge” pattern. The western Pacific subtropical high was stronger and the location was more westward and northward. There were frequent tropical low value system activities in the ocean area to the east of the Philippines. In October, the monthly mean temperature was 11.0℃， 0.4℃ higher than the average (10.6℃) of the same period in previous years. The monthly average precipitation was 54.4 mm, 52.8% more than the normal (35.6 mm). During this month, there were four cold air processes, five major precipitation processes, and two typhoons affecting China. Typhoon Matmo brought severe precipitation and strong winds to South China. In addition, a strong cold air process from 16 to 19 October caused a significant drop in temperature across central and eastern parts of China.