Abstract:The main characteristics of the general circulation in July 2025 are that the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere exhibited a multi-wave pattern, with positive geopotential height anomalies dominating the region from the West Siberian Plain to Japan. The western Pacific subtropical high was located farther north and was significantly stronger than usual. The national average temperature reached 23.6℃, which is 1.5℃ higher than the climatological average of 22.1℃, marking the highest value since 1961. The number of high-temperature days was 6.1 days, exceeding the climatological average of 3.6 days by 2.5 days, also the highest since 1961. The national average precipitation was 115.5 mm, 5.1% lower than the climatological average of 121.7 mm. During the month, there occurred three typhoons, six heavy rainfall events, three high-temperature episodes and nine severe convective weather processes, which caused frequent extreme weather events across multiple regions. In addition, this article provides a brief analysis on the mechanisms and forecasting challenges associated with the heavy rainfall triggered by Typhoon Wipha, and also on the extreme precipitation event in North China from 23 to 29 July 2025.