Abstract:A cumuliform cloud with supercooled water (shortened as supercooled cumuliform cloud) is the condition required for the icing test flight. On the basis of the cloud phase state, cloud classification and liquid water top height data from CloudSat-CALIPSO cloud products and the air temperature from ERA5 reanalysis data and focusing on the local solar afternoon data with good interannual continuity, we construct the historical supercooled cloud sample dataset over China during 2006-2019, and analyze the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of supercooled cumuliform clouds. The supercooled cumuliform clouds in China mostly occur in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and extend to central China via the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region, with an annual average occurrence frequency of 0.4. The high-value areas of the occurrence frequency of supercooled cumuliform clouds are more westward than that of supercooled stratiform cloud and the occurrence frequency is higher. The occurrence frequencies of the four types of supercooled cumuliform clouds in descending order were as follows: altocumulus over Yunnan, Central China and East China; stratocumulus over eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Sichuan, the eastern sea surface of China and outside the northern boundary of China; cumulus over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau; and deep convection over southwestern Yunnan, Southeast China, and the eastern sea surface of China. In winter, there are three high-value centers of the occurrence frequency of supercooled cumuliform clouds from Sichuan Basin to Guizhou, the ocean over eastern China, and the Sea of Japan, while the high-value center of the occurrence frequency of supercooled cumuliform clouds in summer extends from the eastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to other locations on the plateau and the surrounding mountainous areas. In addition, the interannual variation of supercooled cumuliform clouds shows a significantly increasing trend in January in Central China, the west of Northwest China and the west of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.