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气象:2023,49(9):1029-1044
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云南2022年2月19—24日的极端冷事件分析
晏红明,孔祥吉,字俣丞,舒康宁
(云南省气候中心,昆明 650034;国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京 100013;中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院,合肥 230026;云南省气象台,昆明 650034)
Analysis of Extreme Cold Event in 19-24 February 2022 in Yunnan Province
YAN Hongming,KONG Xiangji,ZI Yucheng,SHU Kangning
(Yunnan Climate Center, Kunming 650034;Forestry and Grassland Investigation and Planning Institute of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100013;School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;Yunnan Meteorological Observatory, Kunming 650034)
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投稿时间:2022-12-12    修订日期:2023-06-04
中文摘要: 2022年2月19—24日受强冷空气影响,云南全省发生了一次极端冷事件,该事件降温强度大、影响范围广、持续时间长。利用云南124个站气象观测资料、NCEP/NCAR和ERA5大气环流再分析资料,分析了此次冷事件的极端性特征及其过程期间高低层大气环流异常的演变特征。结果表明:此次冷事件的极端性较强,是云南省近10年第二强的区域性寒潮天气过程,全省有69个站达到中等以上强度寒潮标准,有10个站日平均气温达到或突破2月最低纪录。过程期间雨雪天气突出,过程累计降水接近2月常年,单日降雪范围为近20年以来最大。影响此次冷事件的因子极其复杂,冷空气活动与乌拉尔山高压脊、东亚槽、亚洲高空西风急流、西伯利亚高压等大气环流系统的加强演变密切联系,并与起源于北大西洋地区的副热带异常波列的东传有关,该异常波列对于青藏高原地区波能量的向南频散和冷空气的南下有十分重要的引导作用,并对南支槽前的西南水汽输送加强有一定影响;同时,热带地区的对流活动也对东亚地区冷空气的加强南下有一定影响。过程期间,冷空气沿东北路径南下影响云南,云南区域冷暖空气的交汇作用十分显著,导致过程期间出现明显低温雨雪。
Abstract:Affected by the strong cold air in 19-24 February 2022, an extreme cold event occurred in Yunnan, which was characterized by sharp drop in temperature, affecting large areas and lasting a long time. In this paper, the extreme characteristics of the cold event and the evolution characteristics of the upper and lower atmospheric circulation during the process are analyzed by using the data of 124 meteorological observation stations in Yunnan, the reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR and ERA5 atmospheric circulation. The results show that this cold event was very extreme, and was the second strongest cold wave weather event in Yunnan in recent ten years. The cold air intensity at 69 stations reached the cold wave standard, of which the daily average temperature at 10 stations reached or broke the lowest temperature record in February. During the cold event, the rainy and snowy weather was prominent, the accumulated precipitation in the process was close to the climatological precipitation in February, and the scope of a single day snowfall was the largest in recent 20 years. The factors that affected the strong cold event were extremely complex. The cold air activity was closely related to the strengthening and evolution of the atmosphere circulation system in mid high latitudes, such as the Ural high ridge, the East Asia trough, the Asian upper air westerly jet, the Siberian high, and was also associated with the eastward propagation of the subtropical abnormal Rossby wave train which was originated from the North Atlantic Region. This abnormal Rossby wave train played an important role in guiding the southward dispersion of wave energy and the southward movement of cold air in the Tibetan Plateau, and had a certain impact on the strengthening of southwest water vapor transport in front of the south branch trough. Meanwhile, the convective activities in the tropics also had a certain impact on the strengthening of cold air in East Asia. During the cold event, the cold air flew southward along the northeast path, influencing Yunnan. The intersection of cold and warm air in Yunnan was very prominent, resulting in significant cooling, rain and snow during the cold event.
文章编号:     中图分类号:P461    文献标志码:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1902209)资助
引用文本:
晏红明,孔祥吉,字俣丞,舒康宁,2023.云南2022年2月19—24日的极端冷事件分析[J].气象,49(9):1029-1044.
YAN Hongming,KONG Xiangji,ZI Yucheng,SHU Kangning,2023.Analysis of Extreme Cold Event in 19-24 February 2022 in Yunnan Province[J].Meteor Mon,49(9):1029-1044.