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气象:2022,48(9):1209-1216
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2022年6月大气环流和天气分析
孟庆涛,于超
(国家气象中心,北京 100081)
Analysis of the June 2022 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather
MENG Qingtao,YU Chao
(National Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2022-08-02    修订日期:2022-08-05
中文摘要: 2022年6月大气环流主要特征为北半球极涡呈多极型分布且较常年同期偏弱,乌拉尔山上空500 hPa高度场较常年同期显著偏弱,西太平洋副热带高压位置接近常年同期,下旬出现北抬。6月全国平均降水量为112.0 mm,较常年同期偏多9.1%,山东、吉林、辽宁降水量为1961年以来历史同期最多,福建为第二多。全国平均气温为21.3℃,较常年同期偏高0.9℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高。本月内有6次区域性暴雨天气过程,上旬和中旬主要集中在华南、江南地区,下旬暴雨区北抬至四川盆地、黄淮至东北地区。6月共有1个台风生成,较常年同期偏少。6月中下旬,北方多地出现雷暴大风、冰雹和短时强降水,灾害损失较重。上中旬西北地区东部、黄淮、华北南部出现持续性高温,局地高温日数超过10 d,33个站日最高气温均突破历史极值。
Abstract:The main characteristics of the atmospheric circulation in June 2022 are as follows. The polar vortex with multi centers in the Northern Hemisphere was weaker than normal, the 500 hPa geopotential height field over the Ural Mountains was significantly weaker than normal, and the position of the Western Pacific subtropical high was close to normal moving northward in the last ten days of June. The average precipitation across China in June was 112.0 mm, 9.1% more than the climatology. Shandong, Jilin and Liaoning provinces recorded the most precipitation in the same period since 1961 and Fujian Province also recorded its second most precipitation. The national average temperature in China was 21.3℃, which was 0.9℃ higher than the climatology and also highest record since 1961. There were six regional torrential rain events in this month, mainly concentrated in South China in the first and second dekads, and then moved northward orderly to Sichuan Basin, Huang-Huai Region and Northeast China in the last dekad. There was one typhoon generated in June, which was weaker than normal. In the middle and late June, thunderstorms, gales, hail and short-time severe precipitation occurred in several provinces in northern China, causing heavy damages to local areas. In the early and middle of June, persistent high temperature caught the eastern part of Northwest China, Huang-Huai Region, and southern North China, with high temperature days in some regions exceeding 10 days. The daily maximum temperature at 33 stations broke its highest temperature record.
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孟庆涛,于超,2022.2022年6月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,48(9):1209-1216.
MENG Qingtao,YU Chao,2022.Analysis of the June 2022 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather[J].Meteor Mon,48(9):1209-1216.