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投稿时间：2019-09-25 修订日期：2020-05-28
投稿时间：2019-09-25 修订日期：2020-05-28
中文摘要: 2017年1—3月，在北京延庆小海坨冬奥赛场周边开展了复杂地形综合气象观测试验，建立了由7个自动气象站、17个便携温湿度观测仪（HOBO）和2个综合观测站组成的观测网，开展了为期7 d的GPS探空加密观测。基于加密观测资料，对比了不同海拔高度的地面观测站获取的温度廓线与探空观测的温度廓线之间的差异，捕捉到了对冬奥赛事有重要影响的半山腰云，并对其特征进行了初步分析。有半山腰云的时段，地面风向日变化特征明显，半山腰云主要出现在海拔1 〖KG-*5〗100~1 〖KG-*5〗700 m高度，在探空观测上表现为饱和水汽层。一般而言，半山腰云的云顶对应于逆温层底，云顶上方有逆温层覆盖，夜间，受下坡风和向下谷风影响，云层下方多为西北风或偏西风，云层内全天多为弱偏东风或东南风。在半山腰云顶及逆温层顶之上，有明显的偏西风或西北风。初步分析结果表明，背风坡下沉气流形成的逆温层以及大范围偏东风水汽输送可能是半山腰云产生的主要原因。
中文关键词: 小海坨山，冬奥会，半山腰云，自动气象站
Abstract:From January to March 2017, we carried out an integrated field experiment in complex terrain of Winter Olympic Venue in Xiaohaituo Mountain of Beijing. The observation network consisted of 7 auto-matic weather stations (AWSs), 17 HOBO temperature and humidity data-loggers and 2 comprehensive super stations. During the 7 d intensive observing period (IOP), GPS radiosondes were launched every three hours. In this paper, the temperature profiles based on AWSs and HOBOs are compared with radio sounding temperature profiles. Based on the data of IOP, the characteristics of mid-mountain clouds (MMC) that have critical negative effects on alpine skiing are preliminarily analyzed. The results show that when MMC occurs, there are diurnal variations in surface wind direction. MMC tends to occur between 1 〖KG-*5〗100 m and 1 〖KG-*5〗700 m above ASL, shown up as a saturated moisture layer by radio soundings. In general, the top of MMC is at same height of the bottom of inversion layer, below which MMC exists. During nighttime, affected by downslope winds and down-valley winds, wind directions are more northwesterly or westerly below MMC. Inside MMC, winds blow more easterly or southeasterly at lower speeds through the day. Above MMC and inversions, westerly or northwesterly winds are obvious. Leeward subsidence-induced inversions and easterly moisture transportation in large scope could be the main causes for the MMC in Xiaohaituo Mountain.
keywords: Xiaohaituo Mountain, Winter Olympic Games, mid-mountain clouds, automatic weather station (AWS)
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41875123）、国家重点研发计划（2018YFF0300101）和北京市科技计划项目（D171100000717003）共同资助
引用文本：
李炬,程志刚,张京江,窦有俊,2020.小海坨山冬奥赛场气象观测试验及初步结果分析[J].气象,46(9):1178-1188.
LI Ju,CHENG Zhigang,ZHANG Jingjiang,DOU Youjun,2020.Meteorological Field Experiment and Preliminary Analysis Result in the Winter Olympic Venue in Xiaohaituo Mountain[J].Meteor Mon,46(9):1178-1188.
李炬,程志刚,张京江,窦有俊,2020.小海坨山冬奥赛场气象观测试验及初步结果分析[J].气象,46(9):1178-1188.
LI Ju,CHENG Zhigang,ZHANG Jingjiang,DOU Youjun,2020.Meteorological Field Experiment and Preliminary Analysis Result in the Winter Olympic Venue in Xiaohaituo Mountain[J].Meteor Mon,46(9):1178-1188.
