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气象:2018,44(7):977-984
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2018年4月大气环流和天气分析
毛旭,张涛
(国家气象中心,北京 100081)
Analysis of the April 2018 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather
MAO Xu,ZHANG Tao
(National Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081)
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投稿时间:2018-05-21    修订日期:2018-05-24
中文摘要: 2018年4月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈偶极型分布,中高纬环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏弱,南支槽强度较常年偏强。4月全国平均气温12.4℃,较常年同期偏高1.4℃;全国平均降水量43.6 mm,比常年同期(44.7 mm)偏少2.5%。月内我国有3次冷空气过程,其中2—7日为一次全国性强冷空气过程,造成大范围剧烈降温和雨雪天气;北方地区出现5次沙尘过程;南方地区出现3次暴雨过程,其中22—24日的暴雨过程给长江中下游地区造成严重的暴雨洪涝灾害。
Abstract:The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in April 2018 are as follows. There were double polar vortex centers in the Northern Hemisphere, stronger than usual. The circulation in Eurasian middle high latitudes showed a four wave pattern. The strength of Western Pacific subtropical high was a little weaker than in normal years while the south branch trough was stronger. The monthly mean temperature was 12.4℃, 1.4℃ higher than normal with the value of 11℃, and the monthly mean precipitation amount was 43.6 mm, which is less than normal by 2.5%. Three cold air processes happened in this month. The first cold air process was a nationwide strong cold air process, causing wide range of severe cooling, raining and snowing. There were five sand dust weather processes seen in northern China in April. In addition, three torrential rain processes happened in southern China. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin suffered severe rainstorm floods caused by the heavy rainfall event in 22-24 April 2018.
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毛旭,张涛,2018.2018年4月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,44(7):977-984.
MAO Xu,ZHANG Tao,2018.Analysis of the April 2018 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather[J].Meteor Mon,44(7):977-984.