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气象:2016,42(9):1105-1113
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浙江盛夏一次强对流天气的特征及其成因分析
(1.浙江省杭州市气象局,杭州310051;2.浙江大学地球科学学院,杭州310027;3.浙江省杭州市气象局,杭州310052;4.浙江省杭州市气象局,杭州310053)
Study on Features and Formation of One Severe Convection Process During Midsummer in Zhejiang Province
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投稿时间:2015-08-28    修订日期:2016-01-04
中文摘要: 利用常规气象观测资料、区域自动站加密观测资料、GFS 0.5°×0.5°逐6 h分析场数据,以及多普勒雷达、风廓线、微波辐射计探测资料,对2014年7月26日浙江盛夏一次强对流天气过程的特征及其成因进行了诊断分析,结果表明:此次过程发生在副热带高压边缘,由于高空槽东移过程中带来了弱冷空气的渗透,并有大量不稳定能量积聚,形成了午后“上干冷、下暖湿”这样有利于强对流发生的不稳定层结条件和环境背景场。当低层925 hPa的中尺度辐合线和对流层中层700 hPa的垂直上升运动区相重合时,中尺度辐合线附近在未来6 h内产生了强对流,这对强对流的发生发展具有一定的预报指示意义。宁波中尺度辐合线是由偏南风和东北风辐合而成,同时受沿海和喇叭口地形影响,该辐合线早已存在,之后触发了宁波地区的强对流天气。杭州中尺度辐合线是由于宁波雷暴的地面出流增强了偏东风气流,从而加强了偏东风与环境东北风的辐合,导致了杭州中尺度辐合线的形成,随后在辐合线附近出现了剧烈的对流天气。
Abstract:The features and formation of a severe convection process are studied by using the conventional observation data, automatic weather station data, GFS analysis field data with special resolution of 0.5° and temporal resolution of 6 h, Doppler radar, radar wind profiler and microwave radiometer data collected in Zhejiang Province on 26 July 2014. The results suggest that the severe convection process near the edge of subtropical high was due to the penetration of cold air caused by the east movement of the upper trough and accumulation of unstable energy, as well as the ambient background of dry and cold in upper layer but wet and warm in low layer, such unstable stratification condition and background was favorable for occurrence of the severe convection. Good predictability was provided when low level 925 hPa mesoscale convergence line overlaid the vertical upward region in the middle of troposphere at 700 hPa. This means that severe convection could happen near the mesoscale convergence line in next 6 h under such situation. The Ningbo mesoscale convergence line, which was produced by confluence of southerly flow and northeasterly flow, triggered the severe convection in Ningbo. What’s more, the convergence line already existed under the orographic influence of coastal line and Hangzhou Bay. In contrast, the Hangzhou mesoscale convergence line, resulting from the convergence of ambient northeasterly current and easterly airflow enhanced by surface outflow of Ningbo thunderstorm, gave rise to the outbreak of the severe convection around Hangzhou.
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基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB430104)和国家自然科学基金项目(41175047)共同资助
引用文本:
沈杭锋,张红蕾,高天赤,勾亚彬,陈勇明,2016.浙江盛夏一次强对流天气的特征及其成因分析[J].气象,42(9):1105-1113.
SHEN Hangfeng,ZHANG Honglei,GAO Tianchi,GOU Yabin,CHEN Yongming,2016.Study on Features and Formation of One Severe Convection Process During Midsummer in Zhejiang Province[J].Meteor Mon,42(9):1105-1113.