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投稿时间：2015-05-19 修订日期：2016-01-05
投稿时间：2015-05-19 修订日期：2016-01-05
中文摘要: 利用水平距离约23.7 km、年降水量相近的黄石和大冶气象站多年分钟降水资料，根据相关规范，分别推算黄石、大冶两市暴雨强度公式各参数，并分析两市设计雨强存在差异的原因。结果表明：（1）根据公式推算结果，在重现期0.5~100 a黄石各历时雨强（5～120 min）均大于大冶，最大可达27.34％；（2）黄石平均年降水量略小于大冶，但最大年降水量、最大月降水量、最大日降水量、平均年暴雨日数均大于大冶的相应值；（3）对经过年多个样法选样后的降水量样本进行分析：除了第一个最大降水量的多年平均值黄石偏大，其余7个次大值大冶略大。黄石前8个最大降水量算出的标准偏差约为大冶的1.4倍。综合可见，短历时降水量的偏大是黄石设计雨强结果偏大于大冶的原因，设计雨强结果对样本的第一个最大雨量值以及标准偏差更为敏感。
中文关键词: 暴雨强度公式，设计雨强，平均值，标准偏差
Abstract:By using the minute rainfall data of Huangshi and Daye Cities which are located 20 km apart and according to the related standards, this paper calculates the parameters of the rainstorm intensity formula and analyzes the difference of the designed rainfall intensities in the two cities. The results show that in the return period of 0.5-100 years, the rainfall intensity of Huangshi in every period of time (5-120 min) is stronger than Daye’s, getting to 27.34%. Except the annual mean rainfall, the maximum annual rainfall, the maximum monthly rainfall, the maximum daily rainfall, the average annual rainstorm days in Huangshi are more than Daye’s. By analyzing the rainfall data, it is found that Huangshi has bigger average value of the the first maximum rainfall, for the other 7 second heaviest rainfalls, the values for Daye are larger than that for Huangshi. The standard deviation of Huangshi calculated by the first eight maximum precipitation amounts are about 1.4 times more than Daye’s. In short, these results show that the large rainfall in a short time is the cause for the design of the stronger rainfall intensity of Huangshi than Daye’s. The designed rainfall intensity is more sensitive to the first heaviest rainfall and the standard deviation.
keywords: rainstorm intensity formula, designed rainfall intensity, average value, standard deviation
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基金项目:中国气象局2014年重点工作“城市暴雨强度公式编制修订和城市暴雨规律分析试点”（“山洪地质灾害防治气象保障工程”）和黄石市财政项目共同资助
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 方怡 | 湖北省气象服务中心，武汉 430074 |
| 陈正洪 | 湖北省气象服务中心，武汉 430074 |
| 孙朋杰 | 湖北省气象服务中心，武汉 430074 |
| 陈幼姣 | 黄石市气象局，黄石 435000 |
| 陈城 | 湖北省气象信息与技术保障中心，武汉 430074 |
引用文本：
方怡,陈正洪,孙朋杰,陈幼姣,陈城,2016.黄石、大冶两邻近地区设计雨强差异的原因分析[J].气象,42(3):356-362.
FANG Yi,CHEN Zhenghong,SUN Pengjie,CHEN Youjiao,CHEN Cheng,2016.Analysis of the Causes for the Difference of Rainstorm Intensity Design in Huangshi and Daye Cities[J].Meteor Mon,42(3):356-362.
方怡,陈正洪,孙朋杰,陈幼姣,陈城,2016.黄石、大冶两邻近地区设计雨强差异的原因分析[J].气象,42(3):356-362.
FANG Yi,CHEN Zhenghong,SUN Pengjie,CHEN Youjiao,CHEN Cheng,2016.Analysis of the Causes for the Difference of Rainstorm Intensity Design in Huangshi and Daye Cities[J].Meteor Mon,42(3):356-362.