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投稿时间:2013-06-20 修订日期:2014-03-12
投稿时间:2013-06-20 修订日期:2014-03-12
中文摘要: 利用江苏省能见度监测资料、自动站气象要素资料、探空资料、NCEP(1°×1°)和CFSV2(0.5°×0.5°)再分析资料,对2013年1月江苏雾霾持续性和13—14日大雾形成机制展开分析,结果表明:(1)中高纬平直的纬向环流,江苏位于地面高压底部偏东气流中,冷高压主体偏北,是1月发生持续雾霾天气的大背景。较弱的偏北经向风导致冷空气势力较弱,为1月江苏雾霾天气持续发生提供了近地层有利的稳定形势。(2)近地面相对湿度85%以上,风速小于3 m·s-1,风向以偏东风为主, 凌晨与夜间温度露点差小于3℃。这些条件的稳定为持续雾霾发生提供了良好的气象因子。(3)地面辐射降温和弱冷平流共同作用引起的温度快速下降以及日出后潮湿地面蒸发增强对雾的加强起到一定的触发作用。近地面冷平流和混合层以上暖平流为本次雾增强提供了稳定的大气层结条件。近地面弱上升运动、中高层弱的下沉运动是14日凌晨雾快速加强的动力机制。
中文关键词: 雾霾天气, 环流形势, 温度平流, 层结稳定度
Abstract:By analyzing the monitoring data of visibility and environment, reanalysis data of NCEP 1°×1° and CFSV2 (0.5°×0.5°), sounding data, and meteorological elements from automatic weather stations, the paper discusses the persistence of fog and haze in Jiangsu Province in January 2013 and the intensifying burst of fog in 13-14 January 2013. The findings are as follows: Firstly, the zonal circulation in the middle high latitude is straight; Jiangsu then lies in the easterly flow at the base of high pressure; the cold high is more northward. This is the weather situation of the persistent fog and haze in January. The weak cold air caused by the weak northward meridional wind provides the favorable conditions. Secondly, the near surface relative humidity is above 85%, wind is eastward and the speed is under 3 m·s-1, and dew point difference is smaller than 3℃. Thirdly, the intensification of the fog is partly triggered by the drastic fall in temperature caused jointly by temperature drop from ground radiation and cold advection. Cold advection near the ground and the warm advection above the mixing layer provide stable atmospheric stratification conditions. The weak upward motion near surface and weak downward motion in middle high level are the dynamic mechanism of the rapid intensification of fog in the early morning of 14 January.
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基金项目:江苏省科技厅自然科学基金(BS2010046)和江苏省科技支撑计划社会发展重大研究(BE2012771)共同资助
作者 | 单位 |
刘梅 | 江苏省气象台,南京 210008 |
严文莲 | 江苏省气象台,南京 210008 |
张备 | 江苏省气象台,南京 210008 |
俞剑蔚 | 江苏省气象台,南京 210008 |
金小霞 | 江苏省气象台,南京 210008 |
引用文本:
刘梅,严文莲,张备,俞剑蔚,金小霞,2014.2013年1月江苏雾霾天气持续和增强机制分析[J].气象,40(7):835-843.
LIU Mei,YAN Wenlian,ZHANG Bei,YU Jianwei,JIN Xiaoxia,2014.Analysis on Persistence and Intensification Mechanism of Fog and Haze in Jiangsu in January 2013[J].Meteor Mon,40(7):835-843.
刘梅,严文莲,张备,俞剑蔚,金小霞,2014.2013年1月江苏雾霾天气持续和增强机制分析[J].气象,40(7):835-843.
LIU Mei,YAN Wenlian,ZHANG Bei,YU Jianwei,JIN Xiaoxia,2014.Analysis on Persistence and Intensification Mechanism of Fog and Haze in Jiangsu in January 2013[J].Meteor Mon,40(7):835-843.