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投稿时间：2013-05-27 修订日期：2013-11-05
投稿时间：2013-05-27 修订日期：2013-11-05
中文摘要: 文章把一维热扩散湖模式成功地耦合到中尺度天气研究和预报模式WRF3.2中，建立了湖气耦合模式。并用太湖区梅梁湾获得的2010年8月11—28日的观测资料对该耦合模式模拟湖温的能力进行了初步评估。设计了3组方案进行对照试验，分别为：（1）没有加入湖模块的WRF模式试验(WRF)；(2) 没有对参数进行优化的原始耦合模式试验（WRF_Lake_Old）; (3)对3个参数进行优化后的耦合模式试验（WRF_Lake_New）。结果表明耦合了湖泊模块并且参数优化后的湖气耦合模式（WRF_Lake_New）比没有包含湖面方案的WRF模式对太湖水温的模拟能力有了很大的改进。WRF_Lake_New能够合理地模拟出太湖梅梁湾上湖表温度的日变化，模拟的湖表温度误差范围平均在±1℃左右，模拟的空气温度平均误差范围在±0.5℃以内，模拟的感、潜热通量也与观测更为接近。该耦合模式在太湖的初步评估结果表明，该湖气耦合模式为下一步研究湖泊过程和湖气相互作用提供了重要的工具。
中文关键词: 湖气耦合模式, 太湖, 湖表温度, 参数优化
Abstract:A one dimensional (1 D) heat diffusion lake model has been successfully coupled into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 3.2. The ability of simulating lake surface temperature of the coupled model (WRF Lake) was first tested in Taihu Lake using observations obtained from Meiliangwan Station from August 11 to 28, 2010. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of this coupled model. The three experiments include: (1) simulated by original WRF model without lake scheme (WRF); (2) simulated by coupled model without parameter optimization (WRF_Lake_Old); (3) simulated by coupled model with parameter optimization (WRF_Lake_New). Results show that the coupled model with parameter optimization (WRF_Lake_New) has greatly improved the lake surface temperature (LST) simulations when compared with that simulated by WRF. It is found that LSTs for the Meiliangwan Station simulated by WRF_Lake_New show good agreement with observations, WRF_Lake_New can generate realistically daily variation of LST, and the averaged LST bias range reduces to ±1℃. The averaged bias for 2 meter high air temperature is within the range of ±0.5℃. With the improvement of LST and 2 meter high air temperature simulations, the simulated sensible and latent heat flux are both much closer to observations than WRF simulations. These results show that the coupled model (WRF_Lake) has provided a good tool for the study of lake processes and lake atmosphere interactions in the future.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金(41221064)、European Commission(Call FP7 ENV 2007 1 Grant No.212921)和“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC22B02)共同资助
引用文本：
古红萍,沈学顺,金继明,赵林,肖薇,王咏薇,2014.WRF_Lake湖气模式对我国太湖的湖温模拟应用评估[J].气象,40(2):166-173.
GU Hongping,SHEN Xueshun,JIN Jiming,ZHAO Lin,XIAO Wei,WANG Yongwei,2014.Evaluation on Simulation of Coupled WRF Lake Model to Lake Surface Temperature in Taihu Lake[J].Meteor Mon,40(2):166-173.
古红萍,沈学顺,金继明,赵林,肖薇,王咏薇,2014.WRF_Lake湖气模式对我国太湖的湖温模拟应用评估[J].气象,40(2):166-173.
GU Hongping,SHEN Xueshun,JIN Jiming,ZHAO Lin,XIAO Wei,WANG Yongwei,2014.Evaluation on Simulation of Coupled WRF Lake Model to Lake Surface Temperature in Taihu Lake[J].Meteor Mon,40(2):166-173.