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投稿时间：2012-11-29 修订日期：2013-05-07
投稿时间：2012-11-29 修订日期：2013-05-07
中文摘要: 文章首先给出冷涡的定义，根据冷涡的定义识别出冷涡，2005—2011年4—9月7年共识别出60个冷涡，主要形成在蒙古和我国的东北地区。然后根据中尺度对流系统(MCS)的标准按尺度大小将MCS分类为α中尺度对流系统（MαCS）和β中尺度对流系统（MβCS），又按MCS的形状将MαCS分类为中尺度对流复合体（MCC）和持续拉长状对流系统（PECS），MβCS分类为β中尺度对流复合体（MβCC）和β中尺度持续拉长状对流系统（MβECS）。利用FY 2C(2005—2009年)和FY 2E（2010—2011年）的TBB资料对60个冷涡背景下的MCS进行识别并对其时空分布特征及其与冷涡的关系进行统计分析。结果表明：(1) 60个冷涡过程识别出61个MCS，MCS通常产生在我国东北和华北，MCC和PECS生成较分散；MβCC主要集中在华北和东北地区；MβECS主要集中在东北地区。(2) 6月生成的MCS最多，有16个，9月最少。MCS大多形成于当地的下午和晚上，此时对流发展旺盛，有利于中尺度对流系统的产生，到了夜间MCS发展成熟，至凌晨—日出时分消散。(3) 冷涡背景下的MCS的移动路径多数是从西向东偏北的，其生成后主要向东移动，这和我国中纬度西风带天气系统的移动路径基本一致，但由于受冷涡等天气系统的影响，会出现不同的移动方向。位于冷涡东侧且距离冷涡中心距离较近的MCS有向东偏北方向移动的趋势；位于冷涡南侧且距离中心较远的MCS有向东偏南方向移动的趋势。(4) 冷涡背景下的MCS主要产生在冷涡的发展阶段，成熟和消散阶段相对较少。(5) 冷涡背景下的MCS主要形成在冷涡的东南部，西南部也有一小部分。(6) MβCS系统发展较MαCS系统快，持续的时间也较MαCS短。
中文关键词: 冷涡, MCS, 统计分析
Abstract:Cold vortex is identified based on the definition of cold vortex, and 60 cold vortexes are identified in 2005-2011, formed mainly in the northeastern region of China and Mongolia. According to the size, the mesoscale convective system (MCS) is classified into meso α scale convective system (MαCS) and meso β scale convective system (MβCS). Then, MαCS is classified into mesoscale convective complex (MCC) and persistent elongated convective system (PECS), while MβCS into meso β scale convective complex (MβCC) and meso β elongated convective system (MβECS). Based on the FY 2 geostationary satellite infrared images the MCS is identified and its spatial temporal features and its relationship with the 60 cold vortexes are analyzed. The result reveals: (1) 61 MCSs are identified; MCS usually appears in Northeast China and North China; MCC and PECS are generated more decentralized. MβCC mainly concentrates in Northeast China and North China and MβECS mainly in Northeast China. (2) MCS in June is the most and in September the least. Most MCSs are produced in the afternoon and dusk when the convection is prosperous and conducive to production of MCS. MCS gets matured at night and dissipates in the early morning. (3) Most MCSs move from west to east, consistent with the motion of westerlies weather system in middle latitude in China. However due to the impact of cold vortex and other weather systems, there exist different moving paths. The MCS located in the east of cold vortex and near the cold vortex center has the trend of moving easterly and northerly; the MCS in the south of cold vortex and far from the cold vortex center has the trend of moving east southeast. (4) Most MCSs are generated in the developly stage of cold vortex. (5) MCS is mainly produced in the southeast of cold vortex. (6) MβCSs develop faster than MαCSs, and the lasting time is shorter than MαCSs.
keywords: cold vortex, MCS, statistical analysis
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41175048）和公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201206004、GYHY201006005和GYHY200906001）共同资助
引用文本：
王磊,谌芸,张仙,曾波,2013.冷涡背景下MCS的统计分析[J].气象,39(11):1385-1392.
WANG Lei,CHEN Yun,ZHANG Xian,ZENG Bo,2013.Statistical Analysis of Mesoscale Convective System in the Context of Cold Vortex[J].Meteor Mon,39(11):1385-1392.
王磊,谌芸,张仙,曾波,2013.冷涡背景下MCS的统计分析[J].气象,39(11):1385-1392.
WANG Lei,CHEN Yun,ZHANG Xian,ZENG Bo,2013.Statistical Analysis of Mesoscale Convective System in the Context of Cold Vortex[J].Meteor Mon,39(11):1385-1392.