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投稿时间：2011-07-09 修订日期：2012-03-19
投稿时间：2011-07-09 修订日期：2012-03-19
中文摘要: 利用新疆乌鲁木齐地区9个气象站1961—2010年的逐日日照时数资料和乌鲁木齐站逐日太阳总辐射资料，在使用气候学方法估算出各站逐月太阳总辐射的基础上，采用线性趋势分析和Mann Kendall检测对全市冬、春、夏、秋四季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射变化趋势以及突变特征进行分析，应用混合插值法，在ArcGis平台上完成基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据的四季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射及其突变前后变化量的精细化分布式模拟。结果表明：乌鲁木齐市春、夏、秋季和年的日照时数及太阳总辐射总体呈现“平原多，山区少”的空间分布格局，冬季日照时数、太阳总辐射呈现“山区多，平原少”的分布特点。近50年来，乌鲁木齐市春、夏季日照时数、太阳总辐射变化趋势不显著，但秋、冬季和年的日照时数及太阳总辐射呈显著的减少趋势，并于1981和1991年分别发生了突变性的减少，突变前后秋、冬季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射的变化具有明显的区域性差异，减少幅度的空间分布总体呈现“平原多，山区少”的特点。
中文关键词: 乌鲁木齐市， 日照时数， 太阳辐射， 时空变化， GIS
Abstract:Based on the daily sunshine hours data of 9 meteorological stations and daily solar radiation data of Urumqi Meteorological Station from 1961 to 2010 in Urumqi, Xinjiang, the monthly solar radiation of spring, summer, autumn, winter and year from 1961 to 2010 of each meteorological station was estimated by using of climatic methods, and the fundamental spatial temporal change trends of spring, summer, autumn, winter and annual sunshine hours and solar radiation were analyzed by using of linear trend, Mann Kendall test and three dimensional and quadratic trend surface simulation and inverse distance squared weighting residual error revision based on GIS. The main results show that spring, summer, autumn and annual sunshine hours and solar radiation in Urumqi are more in plain and valley areas than in Tianshan Mountain areas, but winter sunshine hours and solar radiation are more in Tianshan Mountain areas than in plain and valley areas. The variation trends of spring, summer sunshine hours and solar radiation are not so obvious, but sunshine hours and solar radiation of autumn, winter and year have significantly decreased in recent 50 years, and they had abrupt decrease in 1981 and 1991 respectively. And before and after the sudden change, the autumn, winter and annual sunshine hours and solar radiation had distinct regional differences. In general, the decrease range of sunshine hours and solar radiation shows the characteristics of “more in plain, but less in mountain areas”.
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基金项目:新疆气象科研项目（201127）资助
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 王晓梅 | 新疆气象信息中心，乌鲁木齐 830002 |
| 张山清 | 新疆农业气象台，乌鲁木齐 830002 |
| 普宗朝 | 新疆乌鲁木齐市气象局，乌鲁木齐 830001 |
| 阿帕尔 | 新疆昌吉市气象局，昌吉 831100 |
| 刘卫平 | 新疆气象信息中心，乌鲁木齐 830002 |
引用文本：
王晓梅,张山清,普宗朝,阿帕尔,刘卫平,2013.近50年乌鲁木齐市太阳能资源时空变化分析[J].气象,39(4):443-452.
WANG Xiaomei,ZHANG Shanqing,PU Zongchao,Apear,LIU Weiping,2013.Analysis on Spatial Temporal Variation of Solar Energy Resource in Urumqi City in Recent 50 Years[J].Meteor Mon,39(4):443-452.
王晓梅,张山清,普宗朝,阿帕尔,刘卫平,2013.近50年乌鲁木齐市太阳能资源时空变化分析[J].气象,39(4):443-452.
WANG Xiaomei,ZHANG Shanqing,PU Zongchao,Apear,LIU Weiping,2013.Analysis on Spatial Temporal Variation of Solar Energy Resource in Urumqi City in Recent 50 Years[J].Meteor Mon,39(4):443-452.