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投稿时间：2009-12-20 修订日期：2010-06-05
投稿时间：2009-12-20 修订日期：2010-06-05
中文摘要: 利用北京南郊观象台探空资料计算出的18种物理参量及其时间变量，详细分析了2007年和2008年5—9月冰雹、雷暴大风以及暴雨强对流天气过程下物理量的差异。结果表明：0 ℃层高度、-20 ℃层高度、500 hPa和850 hPa温差、逆温层高度、低空风切变能比较显著地区分冰雹和暴雨天气，其σ也比较小；此外850 hPa的温度露点差、500 hPa和850 hPa的θse差、大气可降水量PW也是判断强对流类别的重要条件。而对于时间变量来说，CAPE、DCAPE、K指数、500 hPa和850 hPa的θse差、PW、低层的垂直风切变这几种物理量的6小时变量也能比较好地甄别出冰雹（雷暴大风）和暴雨天气。上述研究结果表明，合理利用探空资料甄别夏季强对流天气的类别是可能的。
中文关键词: 探空资料， 强对流天气， 物理参量， 潜势预报
Abstract:This paper calculated 18 physical parameters and their 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h variations by the sounding data from Beijing Nanjiao Observatory, and then analyzed the physical parameter differences of hailstone, thunderstorm gale, and storm rainfall from May to September in 2007 and 2008. The results show that, as the physical parameters, the
0 ℃ height, the -20 ℃ height, the difference of temperature between 500 hPa and 850 hPa, the inversion height and the low level wind shear could distinguish the category of the rainstorm and hailstorm. Besides, the depression of dew point of 850 hPa and the difference of θse between 500 hPa and 850 hPa are also the important 〖HJ〗conditions. On the other hand, for the 6 h variations of the CAPE, DCAPE， K index, the difference of θse between 500 hPa and 850 hPa, PW， and the vertical wind shear of the lower troposphere could also be better to distinguish the hailstorm and the storm rainfall. The results indicate that it is possible to distinguish the summer convective weather by better using of sounding data.
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基金项目:行业专项项目“京津冀城市群强对流天气短时临近预报关键技术研究（GYHY200706004）”；国家支撑项目“京津冀城市群高影响天气预报中的关键技术研究——城市群高影响天气的特征和成因分析”(2008BAC37B01)共同资助
引用文本：
雷蕾,孙继松,魏东,2011.利用探空资料判别北京地区夏季强对流的天气类别[J].气象,37(2):136-141.
LEI Lei,SUN Jisong,WEI Dong,2011.Distinguishing the Category of the Summer Convective Weather by Sounding Data in Beijing[J].Meteor Mon,37(2):136-141.
雷蕾,孙继松,魏东,2011.利用探空资料判别北京地区夏季强对流的天气类别[J].气象,37(2):136-141.
LEI Lei,SUN Jisong,WEI Dong,2011.Distinguishing the Category of the Summer Convective Weather by Sounding Data in Beijing[J].Meteor Mon,37(2):136-141.