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气象:2010,36(8):26-31
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河北省极值气温变化特征
(1.河北省气候中心, 石家庄 050021;2.河北省气象与生态环境实验室, 石家庄 050021;3.河北省气象局, 石家庄 050021)
Characteristics of Extreme Temperature Change in Hebei Province
(1.Hebei Climate Center, Shijiazhuang 050021;2.Hebei Province Meteorological and Ecological Environment Laboratory, Shijiazhuang 050021;3.Hebei Province Meteorological Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050021)
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投稿时间:2009-05-19    修订日期:2009-11-18
中文摘要: 利用河北省60个气象观测站资料,对全省近50年极值气温变化特征进行了分析,结果表明:极端最高气温线性变化趋势不明显,但年代际变化特征突出,而极端最低气温线性升高趋势明显。低于-30 ℃的极端寒冷日呈线性减少趋势,而高于40 ℃的极端炎热日线性变化趋势不明显,但年代际变化特征突出,20世纪90年代后期以来呈多发的特点。最低气温出现偏冷段(<-10 ℃)的天数呈线性减少趋势,出现在偏暖段(20~30 ℃)的天数呈线性增加趋势,在其他界限气温的天数变化趋势不明显。最高气温出现在偏冷段(-30~0 ℃)的天数呈明显减少趋势,在其他界限气温的天数变化趋势不明显。河北省无霜期、无冰冻期均呈明显延长趋势,平均每10年分别延长4.5天、4.6天。年平均最高气温、最低气温和平均气温都呈显著的线性升高趋势,平均每10年分别升高0.21 ℃、0.45 ℃、0.30 ℃,低温升温速率明显大于高温升温速率。日较差呈逐年减小趋势,平均每10年减小0.25 ℃。空间上最低气温表现为全省明显升高,而最高气温升温主要集中在中北部和东部沿海地区,南部升温不明显,日较差大部分地区为逐渐减小趋势。
Abstract:This paper has investigated the characteristics of extreme temperature change in Hebei Province for the period of 1961-2008 by using the daily temperature data from 60 stations. The results show that the extreme maximum temperature linear trend is not obvious, but with a noticeable interdecadal variation. The extreme minimum temperature has a significantly linear increased trend. The extreme cold days below -30 ℃ are in a linearly decreased trend, and the extreme hot days above 40 ℃ not in the linear change trend, but with the characteristics of interdecadal variation. The days for low temperature below -10 ℃ show a decreased trend, and days occurring in 20-30 ℃ have a significant increased trend. Apparently, the days for high temperature in -30-0 ℃ have a significantly reduced trend. In Hebei Province, frost free period and non frozen period show a significant extended trend, extending 4.5 days and 4.6 days averaged for every ten years respectively. The annual averaged high, low and mean temperature are all in a significant linear increased trend, rising 0.21 ℃, 0.45 ℃, and 0.30 ℃ averaged for every ten years respectively. The increasing rate of low temperature is significantly greater than that of high temperature. The low temperature has a significant increased trend in whole Hebei Province area, while the high temperature increased mainly in the north central and eastern coastal parts, not obvious in the southern regions.
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基金项目:河北省科技支撑项目(09276903D)和重点基础研究项目(09967116D)资助
引用文本:
郝立生,张婧,姚学祥,2010.河北省极值气温变化特征[J].气象,36(8):26-31.
HAO Lisheng,ZHANG Jing,YAO Xuexiang,2010.Characteristics of Extreme Temperature Change in Hebei Province[J].Meteor Mon,36(8):26-31.